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A nanoscale communication network scheme and energy model for a human hand scenario

机译：用于人手场景的纳米级通信网络方案和能量模型

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Real-time monitoring of medical test parameters as well as biological and chemical substances inside the human body is an aspiration which might facilitate the control of pathologies and would ensure better effectiveness in diagnostics and treatments. Future Body Area NanoNetworks (BANN) represent an ongoing effort to complement these initiatives, although due to its early stage of development, further research is required. This paper contributes with a hierarchical BANN architecture consisting of two types of nanodevices, namely, nanonodes and a nanorouter, which are conceptually designed using technologically available electronic components. A straightforward communication scheme operating at the THz band for the exchange of information among nanodevices is also proposed. Communications are conducted in a human hand scenario since, unlike other parts of the human body, the negative impact of path loss and molecular absorption noise on the propagation of electromagnetic waves in biological tissues is mitigated. However, data transmission is restricted by the tiny size of nanodevices and their extremely limited energy storing capability. To overcome this concern, nanodevices must be powered through the bloodstream and external ultrasound energy harvesting sources. Under these conditions, the necessary energy and its management have been thoroughly examined and assessed. The results obtained reveal the outstanding ability of nanonodes to recharge, thus enabling each pair of nanonode–nanorouter to communicate every 52 min. This apparently long period is compensated by the considerably high number of nanonodes in the network, which satisfies a quasi-constant monitoring of medical parameter readings.
机译：对人体内部医学测试参数以及生物和化学物质进行实时监控是一种愿望，这可能有助于控制病理并确保更好的诊断和治疗效果。未来人体区域纳米网络（BANN）代表了对这些计划的补充，尽管该计划处于发展初期，但仍需要进一步的研究。本文为分层BANN体系结构做出了贡献，该体系结构由两种类型的纳米设备组成，即，纳米节点和纳米路由器，其概念上是使用技术上可用的电子组件进行设计的。还提出了一种在THz频段运行的简单通信方案，用于在纳米设备之间交换信息。通信是在人的手的情况下进行的，因为与人体的其他部分不同，可以减轻路径损耗和分子吸收噪声对电磁波在生物组织中传播的负面影响。然而，数据传输受到纳米设备的微小尺寸及其极其有限的能量存储能力的限制。为了克服这种担忧，必须通过血液和外部超声能量采集源为纳米设备供电。在这些条件下，已经对必要的能量及其管理进行了彻底的检查和评估。获得的结果表明，纳米节点具有出色的充电能力，从而使每对纳米节点-纳米外部每隔52分钟就能通信一次。网络中相当大量的纳米节点弥补了这一明显的长时间，从而满足了对医疗参数读数的准恒定监控。

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