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首页> 外文期刊>Natural areas journal >Are Native Tree Seedlings Facilitated by an Invasive Shrub Where White-Tailed Deer Are Abundant?
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Are Native Tree Seedlings Facilitated by an Invasive Shrub Where White-Tailed Deer Are Abundant?

机译：白尾鹿丰富的地方，入侵灌木是否有助于本地树苗？

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Positive interactions (facilitation) between plant species have been documented, particularly in stressful environments. We investigated whether an invasive shrub enhances growth or survival of native tree seedlings in forests where white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are abundant. Seedlings of four tree species were planted under, or 0.5 m outside of, the canopy of Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) shrubs in plots unfenced or fenced to exclude deer in two stands in southwestern Ohio, USA, and monitored for 1 y. One species succumbed to transplant shock, but browse was extensive on the other three species in unfenced plots. Facilitation was evident on sugar maple (Acer saccharum), as seedlings under shrub cover had higher survival and final leaf count in unfenced plots, but not where deer were excluded. However, there was no significant facilitation by L. maackii of seedling growth or survival for white oak (Quercus alba) or shagbark hickory (Carya ovata), indicating this shrub's branches do not deter deer browse on highly preferred species or the effect is too modest to emerge in a one-year study. In at least some cases, the negative effects of L. maackii on tree seedlings that have been documented previously are offset by mitigation of the negative effects of deer herbivory. This suggests that where browsing impacts are problematic, deer abundance should be reduced before this, and perhaps other invasive shrubs, are managed.
机译：已经记录了植物物种之间的积极相互作用（促进作用），尤其是在压力环境下。我们调查了侵入性灌木是否会增强白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）丰富的森林中天然树苗的生长或存活。在美国俄亥俄州西南部的两个林分中，将4种树种的幼苗种植在未围篱或围起来以排除鹿的地块的阿穆尔金银花（Lonicera maackii）灌木冠层之下或外部0.5 m，并进行1年监测。一个物种屈服于移植休克，但在无防御地块中对其他三个物种的浏览广泛。糖枫树上的促进作用很明显，因为灌木丛下的幼苗在无防御地块中具有较高的存活率和最终叶片数，但在不排除鹿的地方没有。但是，马氏乳杆菌没有明显促进白橡树（Quercus alba）或山茱h山核桃（Carya ovata）的幼苗生长或存活，这表明这种灌木的枝条不能阻止鹿在高度偏爱的物种上的浏览，或者作用太适度。进行为期一年的研究。在至少某些情况下，先前已证明的马氏乳杆菌对树木幼苗的负面影响可通过减轻鹿食草的负面影响来抵消。这表明在浏览影响存在问题的情况下，应在管理鹿和其他侵入性灌木之前减少鹿的丰度。

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