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Reverse 911 as a Complementary Evacuation Warning System

机译：911倒车作为辅助疏散警告系统

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摘要

This study investigates the effectiveness of Reverse 911 warning systems compared with other evacuation warning sources. This study also investigates the impact of individual differences on evacuation behavior, and presents a regression model of evacuation behavior on the basis of empirical data. A 57 question survey was administered by telephone to people who had been affected by the 2007 San Diego wildfires, with 1020 usable responses (8.4% response rate). By signal detection theory, Reverse 911 warnings had the best performance compared with other evacuation warning sources, as indicated by the high influence rating (0.66) and hit rate (1.00). People who received the Reverse 911 warning also had a significantly higher rate of evacuation (0.80), as did those who received warnings from more than one source (0.78). Regression analysis shows that the Reverse 911 warning was critical in predicting whether an individual evacuated. Demographic factors, including knowledge and experience with previous wildfires, also played a significant role in evacuation rates, and therefore must be considered when designing a warning system.
机译：这项研究调查了反向911警告系统与其他疏散警告源相比的有效性。这项研究还调查了个体差异对避难行为的影响，并根据经验数据提出了避难行为的回归模型。通过电话向遭受2007年圣地亚哥大火影响的人们进行了57个问题的调查，可用答复为1020（答复率为8.4％）。根据信号检测理论，反向911警告与其他疏散警告源相比，具有最佳的性能，如较高的影响等级（0.66）和命中率（1.00）所示。收到911倒车警告的人的疏散率也很高（0.80），而从多个来源收到警告的人（0.78）也是如此。回归分析表明，反向911警告对于预测个人是否撤离至关重要。人口因素，包括先前森林大火的知识和经验，在疏散率方面也起着重要作用，因此在设计预警系统时必须考虑这些因素。

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  • 来源
    《Natural Hazards Review》 |2012年第1期|p.65-73|共9页
  • 作者

    Lesley Strawderman; Arash Salehi; Kari Babski-Reeves; Tonya Thornton-Neaves; Arthur Cosby;

  • 作者单位

    Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State Univ., P.O. Box 9542, MS State, MS 39762;

    Research, Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State Univ., P.O. Box 9542, MS State, MS 39762;

    Industrial and Systems Engineering, Mississippi State Univ., P.O. Box 9542, MS State, MS 39762;

    Research, Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State Univ., P.O. Box 5287, MS State, MS 39762;

    Research, Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State Univ., P.O. Box 5287, MS State, MS 39762;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    evacuation; disasters; communication; emergency services;

    机译：疏散;灾难通讯;紧急服务;

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