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首页> 外文期刊>Naturwissenschaften >The key to winter survival: daily torpor in a small arid-zone marsupial
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The key to winter survival: daily torpor in a small arid-zone marsupial

机译：冬季生存的关键：每天在一个干旱的有袋有袋动物中进行火炬

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摘要

Mammalian hibernation, which lasts on average for about 6 months, can reduce energy expenditure by >90% in comparison to active individuals. In contrast, the widely held view is that daily torpor reduces energy expenditure usually by about 30%, is employed for a few hours every few days, and often occurs only under acute energetic stress. This interpretation is largely based on laboratory studies, whereas knowledge on daily torpor in the field is scant. We used temperature telemetry to quantify thermal biology and activity patterns of a small arid-zone marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart Sminthopsis macroura (16.9 g), in the wild and to test the hypothesis that daily torpor is a crucial survival strategy of this species in winter. All individuals entered torpor daily with the exception of a single male that remained normothermic for a single day (torpor on 212 of 213 observation days, 99.5%). Torpor was employed at air temperatures (T a) ranging from approximately −1°C to 36°C. Dunnarts usually entered torpor during the night and aroused at midday with the daily increase of T a. Torpor was on average about twice as long (mean 11.0 ± 4.7 h, n = 8) than in captivity. Animals employed sun basking during rewarming, reduced foraging time significantly, and occasionally omitted activity for several days in sequence. Consequently, we estimate that daily torpor in this species can reduce daily energy expenditure by up to 90%. Our study shows that for wild stripe-faced dunnarts daily torpor is an essential mechanism for overcoming energetic challenges during winter and that torpor data obtained in the laboratory can substantially underestimate the ecological significance of daily torpor in the wild. Keywords Arid-zone Australia - Daily torpor - Energy expenditure
机译：哺乳动物的冬眠平均持续约6个月，与活跃的人相比，可以减少90％以上的能量消耗。相反，人们普遍认为，每天进行的玉米粥通常可减少约30％的能量消耗，每几天使用数小时，并且通常仅在剧烈的精力充沛的压力下才会发生。这种解释主要是基于实验室研究，而在田间日常工作中的知识很少。我们使用温度遥测技术来量化野外小型干旱带状有袋动物有条纹的邓纳特Sminthopsis macroura（16.9 g）的热生物学和活动模式，并检验以下假设：每天的玉米粥是该物种至关重要的生存策略在冬季。除单身男性保持正常体温一天外，所有个人每天都进入to锅（在213个观察日中的212天中，tor锅率为99.5％）。在大约-1°C至36°C的气温（T a ）下使用Torpor。 Dunnarts通常在夜晚进入火炬，并在中午随着T a 的每日增加而激起。平均来说，Torpor的寿命是人工饲养的两倍（平均11.0±4.7小时，n = 8）。动物在变暖过程中晒日光浴，显着减少了觅食时间，偶尔会连续几天不活动。因此，我们估计该物种的日常消耗可以减少多达90％的日常能源消耗。我们的研究表明，对于野生条纹的邓纳特犬来说，日常打火是克服冬季精力充沛挑战的必要机制，并且实验室获得的打火数据可以大大低估日常在野外打火的生态意义。关键字澳大利亚干旱地区-每日热风-能源支出

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