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首页> 外文期刊>Naturwissenschaften >Paleoenvironmental Conditions In The Spanish Miocene-pliocene Boundary: Isotopic Analyses Of Hipparion Dental Enamel
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Paleoenvironmental Conditions In The Spanish Miocene-pliocene Boundary: Isotopic Analyses Of Hipparion Dental Enamel

机译：西班牙中新世—新世边界的古环境条件：Hipparion牙釉质的同位素分析

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摘要

Expansion of C_4 grasses during Late Miocene and Early Pliocene constitutes one of the most remarkable biotic events of the Cenozoic era. The Teruel-Alfambra region (northeastern Spain) contains one of the most complete Miocene-Pliocene sequences of mammalian fossil sites in the world. In this study, stable isotope (δ~(13)C and δ~(18)O) analyses have been performed on the tooth enamel from the equid Hipparion from 19 localities spanning a time interval from approximately 10.9 to 2.7 Ma. This time range starts with the first appearance of this genus in Spain and ends at its extinction. An increase in δ~(l3)C at about 4.2 Ma has been observed, indicative of a shift toward a more open habitat. This shift may be related to a large scale vegetation change which occurred across the Miocene-Pliocene boundary when C_4 grasses expanded. This expansion might in turn be linked to global tectonic events such as the uplift of the Himalaya and/or the closurernof the Panama Isthmus. However, other more regional factors may have ultimately enhanced the trend toward more open habitats in the Western Mediterranean Basin. The Messinian Salinity Crisis was a major environmental event that may have been responsible for the isotopic changes seen in the equid Hipparion from the Iberian Peninsula along with an increase in the aridity detected ～4.6 Ma ago in the Sahara. Even though the exact factor triggering the isotopic change observed in the Hipparion enamel remains mostly unknown, this study demonstrates that the global environmental changes detected across the Miocene-Pliocene boundary are also recorded in the realm of the Iberian Peninsula.
机译：中新世晚期和上新世早期C_4草的扩张是新生代最重要的生物事件之一。特鲁埃尔-阿尔法姆布拉地区（西班牙东北部）包含世界上哺乳动物化石遗址中最完整的中新世-上新世序列之一。在这项研究中，已经对来自19个地区的等距Hipparion的牙釉质进行了稳定的同位素（δ〜（13）C和δ〜（18）O）分析，时间间隔约为10.9至2.7 Ma。该时间范围从该属在西班牙的首次出现开始，到灭绝为止。观察到δ〜（l3）C在约4.2 Ma处增加，表明向更开放的栖息地转移。这种变化可能与C_4草扩张时在中新世-上新世边界发生的大规模植被变化有关。这种扩张可能又与全球构造事件有关，例如喜马拉雅山的隆起和/或巴拿马地峡的闭合。但是，其他更多的区域因素可能最终增强了西地中海盆地向更开放的栖息地发展的趋势。墨西拿盐度危机是一个重大的环境事件，可能是导致伊比利亚半岛等量海马中的同位素变化以及在撒哈拉沙漠至4.6 Ma之前干旱增加的原因。尽管触发Hipparion搪瓷中观察到的同位素变化的确切因素仍是未知之数，但这项研究表明，在中新世-上新世边界发现的全球环境变化也记录在伊比利亚半岛地区。

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