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Lunar regolith and substructure at Chang’E-4 landing site in South Pole–Aitken basin

机译：南极 - 艾特肯盆地嫦娥4位登陆网站的农历石和子结构

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摘要

The South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin is the oldest and largest impact structure on the Moon, and it gives particular insight on the lunar interior composition(1-3). However, the surface of the SPA basin has been substantially modified by consequent impacts and basalt flooding. The exploration of the surficial material and the substructure of the SPA basin is one of the main scientific goals of the Chinese spacecraft Chang'E-4 that landed in the Von Karman crater inside the SPA basin(4,5). Here we report the lunar penetrating radar profiles along the track of the lunar rover Yutu-2, which show a three-unit substructure at the landing site. The top unit consists of the similar to 12-m-thick lunar regolith and similar to 120 m multilayered ejecta that were delivered from several adjacent craters. The middle unit is the mare basalts filling the Von Karman crater. The lowest unit is another ejecta layer with a thickness of = 200 m, likely from the Leibnitz crater. These discoveries fully support the local stratigraphy and geological explanation presented previously(6). Our results reveal that the surface materials at the Chang'E-4 landing site are unambiguously dominated by the ejecta from the Finsen crater with a minor contribution from other neighbouring craters. The regolith measured by Yutu-2 is representative of the initial lunar deep interior materials, rather than the later erupted basalts.
机译：南极 - 艾特肯（SPA）盆地是月球上最古老，最大的冲击结构，它对月球内部成分（1-3）表示特别洞察力。然而，通过随后的影响和玄武岩泛滥，SPA盆地的表面基本上被修改。 SPA盆地的表层材料的探索是中国航天器嫦娥 - 4的主要科学目标之一，它在SPA盆地（4,5）内落在冯Karman火山口中。在这里，我们沿着Lunar Rover Yutu-2的轨道报告月球穿透雷达曲线，该曲线在着陆网站上显示了一个三个单位的子结构。顶部单元由类似于12米厚的月球重新旋转，类似于120米的多层喷射器，从几个相邻的陨石坑输送。中间单位是填充von Karman火山口的母马玄武岩。最低单位是另一个具有> = 200米的喷射层，可能来自Leibnitz火山口。这些发现完全支持以前呈现的当地地层和地质解释（6）。我们的研究结果表明，长安4起着陆位点的表面材料由来自芬美林火山口的喷射器毫不含糊地占据着其他邻近陨石坑的少量贡献。由yutu-2测量的极雾是初始月球深层内部材料的代表，而不是后来的爆发的沼气。

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  • 来源
    《Nature Astronomy》 |2021年第1期|25-30|共16页
  • 作者

    Zhang Jinhai; Zhou Bin; Lin Yangting; Zhu Meng-Hua; Song Hanjie; Dong Zehua; Gao Yunze; Di Kaichang; Yang Wei; Lin Hongyu; Yang Jianfeng; Liu Enhai; Wang Lei; Lin Yi; Li Chao; Yue Zongyu; Yao Zhenxing; Ouyang Ziyuan;

  • 作者单位

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst Key Lab Electromagnet Radiat & Detect Technol Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys Beijing Peoples R China;

    Macau Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Lunar & Planetary Sci Macau Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Natl Space Sci Ctr Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst Key Lab Electromagnet Radiat & Detect Technol Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst Key Lab Electromagnet Radiat & Detect Technol Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys Beijing Peoples R China;

    Beijing Inst Space Mech & Elect Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Xiian Inst Opt & Precis Mech Xian Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Opt & Elect Chengdu Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Natl Space Sci Ctr Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Earth & Planetary Phys Beijing Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geochem Guiyang Peoples R China;

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