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Quantized Majorana conductance

机译：量化的Majorana电导

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摘要

Majorana zero-modes-a type of localized quasiparticle-hold great promise for topological quantum computing(1). Tunnelling spectroscopy in electrical transport is the primary tool for identifying the presence of Majorana zero-modes, for instance as a zero-bias peak in differential conductance(2). The height of the Majorana zero-bias peak is predicted to be quantized at the universal conductance value of 2e(2)/h at zero temperature(3) (where e is the charge of an electron and h is the Planck constant), as a direct consequence of the famous Majorana symmetry in which a particle is its own antiparticle. The Majorana symmetry protects the quantization against disorder, interactions and variations in the tunnel coupling(3-5). Previous experiments(6), however, have mostly shown zero-bias peaks much smaller than 2e(2)/h, with a recent observation(7) of a peak height close to 2e(2)/h. Here we report a quantized conductance plateau at 2e(2)/h in the zero-bias conductance measured in indium antimonide semiconductor nanowires covered with an aluminium superconducting shell. The height of our zero-bias peak remains constant despite changing parameters such as the magnetic field and tunnel coupling, indicating that it is a quantized conductance plateau. We distinguish this quantized Majorana peak from possible non-Majorana origins by investigating its robustness to electric and magnetic fields as well as its temperature dependence. The observation of a quantized conductance plateau strongly supports the existence of Majorana zero-modes in the system, consequently paving the way for future braiding experiments that could lead to topological quantum computing.
机译：Majorana零模式-一种局部准粒子-对拓扑量子计算具有广阔的前景（1）。电传输中的隧道光谱法是识别Majorana零模式的主要工具，例如，差分电导中的零偏峰（2）。零温度（3）时，马约拉纳零偏峰的高度预计将以通用电导值为2e（2）/ h进行量化（其中e是电子的电荷，h是普朗克常数），如下所示：著名的Majorana对称性的直接结果，其中粒子是其自身的反粒子。 Majorana对称性可保护量化免受隧道耦合中的无序，相互作用和变异（3-5）。然而，先前的实验（6）大多显示零偏峰远小于2e（2）/ h，而最近的观察结果（7）的峰高接近2e（2）/ h。在这里，我们报告了在以铝超导壳覆盖的铟锑化物半导体纳米线中测得的零偏置电导处的量化电导平稳期为2e（2）/ h。尽管改变了诸如磁场和隧道耦合之类的参数，我们的零偏峰的高度仍保持恒定，这表明它是一个量化的电导平台。通过研究其对电场和磁场的稳健性及其温度依赖性，我们将量化的马约拉纳峰与可能的非马约拉纳峰区别开来。对量化电导平台的观察强烈支持系统中存在Majorana零模式，因此为将来可能导致拓扑量子计算的编织实验铺平了道路。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7699期|74-79|共6页
  • 作者

    Zhang Hao; Liu Chun-Xiao; Gazibegovic Sasa; Xu Di; Logan John A.; Wang Guanzhong; van Loo Nick; Bommer Jouri D. S.; de Moor Michiel W. A.; Car Diana; Veld Roy L. M. Op Het; van Veldhoven Petrus J.; Koelling Sebastian; Verheijen Marcel A.; Pendharkar Mihir; Pennachio Daniel J.; Shojaei Borzoyeh; Lee Joon Sue; Palmstrom Chris J.; Bakkers Erik P. A. M.; Das Sarma S.; Kouwenhoven Leo P.;

  • 作者单位

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

    Univ Maryland, Condensed Matter Theory Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;

    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;

    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;

    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;

    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Univ Maryland, Condensed Matter Theory Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Delft Univ Technol, QuTech, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands;

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