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A density cusp of quiescent X-ray binaries in the central parsec of the Galaxy

机译：星系中央视差中的静态X射线双星密度尖端

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The existence of a 'density cusp'(1,2)-a localized increase in number-of stellar-mass black holes near a supermassive black hole is a fundamental prediction of galactic stellar dynamics(3). The best place to detect such a cusp is in the Galactic Centre, where the nearest supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*, resides. As many as 20,000 black holes are predicted to settle into the central parsec of the Galaxy as a result of dynamical friction(3-5); however, so far no density cusp of black holes has been detected. Low-mass X-ray binary systems that contain a stellar-mass black hole are natural tracers of isolated black holes. Here we report observations of a dozen quiescent X-ray binaries in a density cusp within one parsec of Sagittarius A*. The lower-energy emission spectra that we observed in these binaries is distinct from the higher-energy spectra associated with the population of accreting white dwarfs that dominates the central eight parsecs of the Galaxy(6). The properties of these X-ray binaries, in particular their spatial distribution and luminosity function, suggest the existence of hundreds of binary systems in the central parsec of the Galaxy and many more isolated black holes. We cannot rule out a contribution to the observed emission from a population (of up to about one-half the number of X-ray binaries) of rotationally powered, millisecond pulsars. The spatial distribution of the binary systems is a relic of their formation history, either in the stellar disk around Sagittarius A* (ref. 7) or through in-fall from globular clusters, and constrains the number density of sources in the modelling of gravitational waves from massive stellar remnants(8,9), such as neutron stars and black holes.
机译：在超大质量黑洞附近，恒星质量黑洞数量的局部增加（1,2）是银河系恒星动力学的基本预测（3）。最好的发现位置是在银河系中心，那里是最近的超大质量黑洞人马座A *。由于动摩擦，预计将有多达20,000个黑洞落入银河系的中央差距（3-5）；但是，到目前为止，尚未检测到黑洞的密度尖端。包含恒星质量黑洞的低质量X射线二元系统是孤立黑洞的自然示踪剂。在这里，我们报告了在射手座A *一秒内的密度尖端处观察到的十二个静态X射线二进制二进制文件的观察结果。我们在这些双星中观察到的较低能量的发射光谱不同于与主要在银河系中央8视差（6）的分泌性白矮星种群相关的较高能量的光谱。这些X射线双星的性质，特别是它们的空间分布和光度函数，表明在银河系中央视差中存在数百个双星系统，并且存在更多孤立的黑洞。我们不能排除旋转动力毫秒脉冲星群（最多不超过X射线二进制数的一半）对观察到的发射的贡献。二元系统的空间分布是它们形成历史的遗迹，要么在射手座A *附近的恒星盘中（参考文献7），要么通过球状星团的进入，并限制了重力模型中的源数密度。来自大量恒星残余物（8,9）的波，例如中子星和黑洞。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7699期|70-73|共4页
  • 作者

    Hailey Charles J.; Mori Kaya; Bauer Franz E.; Berkowitz Michael E.; Hong Jaesub; Hord Benjamin J.;

  • 作者单位

    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St,Room 1027, New York, NY 10027 USA;

    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St,Room 1027, New York, NY 10027 USA;

    Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile;

    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St,Room 1027, New York, NY 10027 USA;

    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-83, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA;

    Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St,Room 1027, New York, NY 10027 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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