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An Early Cretaceous eutherian and the placental-marsupial dichotomy

机译:早白垩世的以太尔与胎盘有袋二分法

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摘要

Molecular estimates of the divergence of placental and marsupial mammals and their broader clades (Eutheria and Metatheria, respectively) fall primarily in the Jurassic period. Supporting these estimates, Juramaiathe oldest purported eutherianis from the early Late Jurassic (160 million years ago) of northeastern China. Sinodelphysthe oldest purported metatherianis from the same geographic area but is 35 million years younger, from the Jehol biota. Here we report a new Jehol eutherian, Ambolestes zhoui, with a nearly complete skeleton that preserves anatomical details that are unknown from contemporaneous mammals, including the ectotympanic and hyoid apparatus. This new fossil demonstrates that Sinodelphys is a eutherian, and that postcranial differences between Sinodelphys and the Jehol eutherian Eomaiapreviously thought to indicate separate invasions of a scansorial niche by eutherians and metatheriansare instead variations among the early members of the placental lineage. The oldest known metatherians are now not from eastern Asia but are 110 million years old from western North America, which produces a 50-million-year ghost lineage for Metatheria.
机译:胎盘和有袋类哺乳动物及其更广泛的进化枝(分别为Eutheria和Metatheria)的差异的分子估计主要在侏罗纪时期。支持这些估计的侏罗纪最古老的侏罗纪纪元是中国东北侏罗纪晚期(1.6亿年前)。 Sinodelphys是据称来自同一地理区域的最古老的metatherianis,但比Jehol生物区系年轻3500万年。在这里,我们报道了一个新的热海真人,祖母Ambolestes zhoui,具有几乎完整的骨骼,保留了同期哺乳动物(包括鼓膜和舌骨)未知的解剖学细节。这种新的化石表明,Sindelphys是一个eutherian,而Sinodelphys和Jehol eutherian Eomaia之间的后颅骨差异以前被认为是表明eutherians和metatherians分别对扫描生物位进行了入侵,而是胎盘谱系早期成员之间的变异。现在已知的最古老的流浪者不是来自东亚,而是来自北美西部的一亿一千万年之久,它为Metatheria产生了五千万年的幽灵世系。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7710期|390-395|共6页
  • 作者单位

    Yunnan Univ, Yunnan Key Lab Palaeobiol, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China;

    Linyi Univ, Inst Geol & Paleontol, Linyi, Peoples R China;

    Linyi Univ, Inst Geol & Paleontol, Linyi, Peoples R China;

    Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Indiana, PA 15705 USA;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, Key Lab Cenozo Geol & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China;

    Carnegie Museum Nat Hist, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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