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Hydroclimate changes across the Amazon lowlands over the past 45,000 years

机译：过去45,000年以来整个亚马逊低地的水文气候变化

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摘要

Reconstructing the history of tropical hydroclimates has been difficult, particularly for the Amazon basin-one of Earth's major centres of deep atmospheric convection(1,2). For example, whether the Amazon basin was substantially drier(3,4) or remained wet(1,5) during glacial times has been controversial, largely because most study sites have been located on the periphery of the basin, and because interpretations can be complicated by sediment preservation, uncertainties in chronology, and topographical setting(6). Here we show that rainfall in the basin responds closely to changes in glacial boundary conditions in terms of temperature and atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide(7). Our results are based on a decadally resolved, uranium/thorium-dated, oxygen isotopic record for much of the past 45,000 years, obtained using speleothems from Paraiso Cave in eastern Amazonia; we interpret the record as being broadly related to precipitation. Relative to modern levels, precipitation in the region was about 58% during the Last Glacial Maximum (around 21,000 years ago) and 142% during the mid-Holocene epoch (about 6,000 years ago). We find that, as compared with cave records from the western edge of the lowlands, the Amazon was widely drier during the last glacial period, with much less recycling of water and probably reduced plant transpiration, although the rainforest persisted throughout this time.
机译：重建热带水气候的历史非常困难，尤其是对于亚马逊盆地-地球上主要的深层大气对流中心之一（1,2）。例如，在冰河时期，亚马逊盆地究竟是较干燥的（3,4）还是保持潮湿（1,5）一直存在争议，这主要是因为大多数研究地点都位于该盆地的外围，并且因为可以沉积物的保存，年代的不确定性和地形的设置（6）。在这里，我们表明流域的降雨在温度和大气中的二氧化碳浓度方面对冰川边界条件的变化具有密切的响应（7）。我们的结果基于过去45,000年中大部分时间的十年分解的铀/ or日期的氧同位素记录，该记录是使用来自亚马逊东部的Paraiso Cave的鞘翅目获得的；我们将记录解释为与降水广泛相关。相对于现代水平，该地区在上一次冰河最高时期（大约21,000年前）的降水量约为58％，在全新世中期（大约6,000年前）的降水量为142％。我们发现，与低地西部边缘的洞穴记录相比，亚马逊河在上个冰河期较干燥，水的循环利用少得多，植物的蒸腾作用可能会减少，尽管雨林一直持续存在。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2017年第7636期|204-207|共4页
  • 作者

    Wang Xianfeng; Edwards R. Lawrence; Auler Augusto S.; Cheng Hai; Kong Xinggong; Wang Yongjin; Cruz Francisco W.; Dorale Jeffrey A.; Chiang Hong-Wei;

  • 作者单位

    Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore|Nanyang Technol Univ, Asian Sch Environm, Singapore 639798, Singapore;

    Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA;

    Inst Carste, BR-30150160 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;

    Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA|Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Global Environm Change, Xian 710049, Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;

    Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Geociencias, BR-05508080 Sao Paulo, Brazil;

    Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA;

    Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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