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Multi-phase volcanic resurfacing at Loki Patera on Io

机译：艾奥（Io）洛基帕特雷（Loki Patera）的多相火山铺面

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摘要

The Jovian moon Io hosts the most powerful persistently active volcano in the Solar System, Loki Patera(1,2). The interior of this volcanic, caldera-like feature is composed of a warm, dark floor covering 21,500 square kilometres(3) surrounding a much cooler central 'island' 4. The temperature gradient seen across areas of the patera indicates a systematic resurfacing process(4-9), which has been seen to occur typically every one to three years since the 1980s(5,10). Analysis of past data has indicated that the resurfacing progressed around the patera in an anti-clockwise direction at a rate of one to two kilometres per day, and that it is caused either by episodic eruptions that emplace voluminous lava flows or by a cyclically overturning lava lake contained within the patera(5,8,9,11). However, spacecraft and telescope observations have been unable to map the emission from the entire patera floor at sufficient spatial resolution to establish the physical processes at play. Here we report temperature and lava cooling age maps of the entire patera floor at a spatial sampling of about two kilometres, derived from ground-based interferometric imaging of thermal emission from Loki Patera obtained on 8 March 2015 ut as the limb of Europa occulted Io. Our results indicate that Loki Patera is resurfaced by a multi-phase process in which two waves propagate and converge around the central island. The different velocities and start times of the waves indicate a non-uniformity in the lava gas content and/or crust bulk density across the patera.
机译：木星Io拥有太阳系中最强大的持续活跃的火山Loki Patera（1,2）。这种火山状火山口的内部由一个温暖的深色地面组成，面积为21,500平方公里（3），周围是一个较冷的中央“岛”4。The骨区域的温度梯度表明系统地重铺了表面过程（ 4-9），通常自1980年代以来每隔一到三年就会发生一次（5,10）。对过去数据的分析表明，重新铺面以每天一到两公里的速度沿the骨围绕逆时针方向进行，这可能是由大量火山喷发引起的间歇性喷发或周期性倾覆的熔岩引起的patera（5,8,9,11）中包含的湖泊。但是，航天器和望远镜的观测无法以足够的空间分辨率绘制整个骨底板的发射图，从而无法确定正在发生的物理过程。在这里，我们报告了大约两公里的空间采样情况下整个骨地板的温度和熔岩冷却年龄图，该图来自于2015年3月8日从欧基巴隐匿Io的肢体获得的Loki Patera的热辐射的地面干涉成像。我们的结果表明，Loki Patera通过多相过程重新浮出水面，其中两个波在中央岛周围传播并会聚。波浪的不同速度和开始时间表明，整个骨上的熔岩气体含量和/或地壳堆积密度不均匀。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2017年第7653期|199-202|共4页
  • 作者

    de Kleer K.; Skrutskie M.; Leisenring J.; Davies A. G.; Conrad A.; de Pater I.; Resnick A.; Bailey V.; Defrere D.; Hinz P.; Skemer A.; Spalding E.; Vaz A.; Veillet C.; Woodward C. E.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;

    Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA;

    Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA;

    CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA;

    Univ Arizona, Large Binocular Telescope Observ, Tucson, AZ USA;

    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;

    Amherst Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Amherst, MA 01002 USA;

    Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA;

    Univ Liege, Space Sci Technol & Astrophys Res STAR Inst, Liege, Wallonia, Belgium;

    Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA;

    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, PBSci Astron & Astrophys Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA;

    Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA;

    Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA;

    Univ Arizona, Large Binocular Telescope Observ, Tucson, AZ USA;

    Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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