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Ensemble cryo-EM elucidates the mechanism of translation fidelity

机译:集成cryo-EM阐明了翻译保真度的机制

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摘要

Gene translation depends on accurate decoding of mRNA, the structural mechanism of which remains poorly understood. Ribosomes decode mRNA codons by selecting cognate aminoacyl-tRNAs delivered by elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). Here we present high-resolution structural ensembles of ribosomes with cognate or near-cognate aminoacyl-tRNAs delivered by EF-Tu. Both cognate and near-cognate tRNA anticodons explore the aminoacyl-tRNA-binding site (A site) of an open 30S subunit, while inactive EF-Tu is separated from the 50S subunit. A transient conformation of decoding-centre nucleotide G530 stabilizes the cognate codon-anticodon helix, initiating step-wise 'latching' of the decoding centre. The resulting closure of the 30S subunit docks EF-Tu at the sarcin-ricin loop of the 50S subunit, activating EF-Tu for GTP hydrolysis and enabling accommodation of the aminoacyl-tRNA. By contrast, near-cognate complexes fail to induce the G530 latch, thus favouring open 30S pre-accommodation intermediates with inactive EF-Tu. This work reveals long-sought structural differences between the pre-accommodation of cognate and near-cognate tRNAs that elucidate the mechanism of accurate decoding.
机译:基因翻译取决于对mRNA的准确解码,其结构机理仍知之甚少。核糖体通过选择延伸因子Tu(EF-Tu)传递的同源氨基酰基-tRNA来解码mRNA密码子。在这里,我们介绍了由EF-Tu传递的具有同源或近同源的氨酰基tRNA的核糖体的高分辨率结构体。同源和近同源tRNA反密码子均探索开放的30S亚基的氨酰基-tRNA结合位点(A位点),而无活性的EF-Tu与50S亚基分离。解码中心核苷酸G530的瞬时构象稳定了同源密码子-反密码子螺旋,从而启动了解码中心的逐步“锁定”。导致的30S亚基的关闭将EF-Tu停靠在50S亚基的sarcin-ricin环上,激活EF-Tu进行GTP水解并能够容纳氨酰基tRNA。相比之下,近同源复合物无法诱导G530闩锁,因此有利于开放的30S预适应中间体和无活性的EF-Tu。这项工作揭示了同源和近同源tRNA的预适应之间长期存在的结构差异,阐明了准确解码的机制。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2017年第7656期|113-117|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Pharmacol, RNA Therapeut Inst, 368 Plantat St, Worcester, MA 01605 USA;

    Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Pharmacol, RNA Therapeut Inst, 368 Plantat St, Worcester, MA 01605 USA;

    Howard Hughes Med Inst, Janelia Res Campus, 19700 Helix Dr, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA;

    Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Pharmacol, RNA Therapeut Inst, 368 Plantat St, Worcester, MA 01605 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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