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Late acquisition of mitochondria by a host with chimaeric prokaryotic ancestry

机译：患有嵌合性原核生物的宿主晚期采集线粒体

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摘要

The origin of eukaryotes stands as a major conundrum in biology(1). Current evidence indicates that the last eukaryotic common ancestor already possessed many eukaryotic hallmarks, including a complex subcellular organization(1-3). In addition, the lack of evolutionary intermediates challenges the elucidation of the relative order of emergence of eukaryotic traits. Mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles derived from an alphaproteobacterial endosymbiont(4). Different hypotheses disagree on whether mitochondria were acquired early or late during eukaryogenesis(5). Similarly, the nature and complexity of the receiving host are debated, with models ranging from a simple prokaryotic host to an already complex proto-eukaryote(1,3,6,7). Most competing scenarios can be roughly grouped into either mito-early, which consider the driving force of eukaryogenesis to be mitochondrial endosymbiosis into a simple host, or mito-late, which postulate that a significant complexity predated mitochondrial endosymbiosis(3). Here we provide evidence for late mitochondrial endosymbiosis. We use phylogenomics to directly test whether proto-mitochondrial proteins were acquired earlier or later than other proteins of the last eukaryotic common ancestor. We find that last eukaryotic common ancestor protein families of alphaproteobacterial ancestry and of mitochondrial localization show the shortest phylogenetic distances to their closest prokaryotic relatives, compared with proteins of different prokaryotic origin or cellular localization. Altogether, our results shed new light on a long-standing question and provide compelling support for the late acquisition of mitochondria into a host that already had a proteome of chimaeric phylogenetic origin. We argue that mitochondrial endosymbiosis was one of the ultimate steps in eukaryogenesis and that it provided the definitive selective advantage to mitochondria-bearing eukaryotes over less complex forms.
机译：真核生物的起源是生物学的主要难题（1）。目前的证据表明，最后一个真核生物的祖先已经具有许多真核生物的标志，包括一个复杂的亚细胞组织（1-3）。另外，缺乏进化中间体挑战了对真核特征出现的相对顺序的阐明。线粒体是源自α-蛋白细菌内共生体的普遍存在的细胞器（4）。对于真核发生过程中线粒体是早发还是晚发，存在不同的假设（5）。同样，对于接收宿主的性质和复杂性也进行了辩论，其模型范围从简单的原核宿主到已经很复杂的原核生物（1,3,6,7）。大多数竞争情景可以粗略地分类为线粒体早期，后者认为真核生物的驱动力是线粒体内共生进入简单宿主，或线粒体晚期，后者假定线粒体内共生早于线粒体内共生（3）。在这里，我们为线粒体晚期共生提供了证据。我们使用系统基因组学来直接测试是否比最后一个真核共同祖先的其他蛋白质更早或更晚地获取了线粒体蛋白质。我们发现，与不同原核起源或细胞定位的蛋白质相比，α变形杆菌祖先和线粒体定位的最后一个真核共同祖先蛋白家族显示出最短的亲缘距离。总之，我们的结果为一个长期存在的问题提供了新的思路，并为将线粒体晚期收购到已经具有嵌合系统发育蛋白质组的宿主中提供了有力的支持。我们认为线粒体内共生是真核生物形成的最终步骤之一，并且它为携带线粒体的真核生物提供了确定性的选择优势，使其不那么复杂。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2016年第7592期|101-104|共4页
  • 作者

    Pittis Alexandros A.; Gabaldon Toni;

  • 作者单位

    Ctr Genom Regulat CRG, Bioinformat & Genom Programme, Carrer Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain|Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona 08003, Spain;

    Ctr Genom Regulat CRG, Bioinformat & Genom Programme, Carrer Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain|Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona 08003, Spain|ICREA, Passeig Lluis Co 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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