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Sensitivity of global terrestrial ecosystems to climate variability

机译:全球陆地生态系统对气候变化的敏感性

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摘要

The identification of properties that contribute to the persistence and resilience of ecosystems despite climate change constitutes a research priority of global relevance(1). Here we present a novel, empirical approach to assess the relative sensitivity of ecosystems to climate variability, one property of resilience that builds on theoretical modelling work recognizing that systems closer to critical thresholds respond more sensitively to external perturbations2. We develop a new metric, the vegetation sensitivity index, that identifies areas sensitive to climate variability over the past 14 years. The metric uses time series data derived from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index(3), and three climatic variables that drive vegetation productivity(4) (air temperature, water availability and cloud cover). Underlying the analysis is an autoregressive modelling approach used to identify climate drivers of vegetation productivity on monthly timescales, in addition to regions with memory effects and reduced response rates to external forcing(5). We find ecologically sensitive regions with amplified responses to climate variability in the Arctic tundra, parts of the boreal forest belt, the tropical rainforest, alpine regions worldwide, steppe and prairie regions of central Asia and North and South America, the Caatinga deciduous forest in eastern South America, and eastern areas of Australia. Our study provides a quantitative methodology for assessing the relative response rate of ecosystems-be they natural or with a strong anthropogenic signature-to environmental variability, which is the first step towards addressing why some regions appear to be more sensitive than others, and what impact this has on the resilience of ecosystem service provision and human well-being.
机译:尽管气候变化,但仍可识别有助于生态系统持久性和复原力的特性构成了全球相关性的研究重点(1)。在这里,我们提出了一种新颖的经验方法来评估生态系统对气候变化的相对敏感性,这是抵御力的一个属性,它建立在理论建模工作的基础上,认识到接近临界阈值的系统对外部扰动的响应更为敏感2。我们开发了一种新的指标,即植被敏感性指数,该指数可识别过去14年中对气候变化敏感的地区。该度量标准使用的时间序列数据来自中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)增强的植被指数(3),以及三个驱动植被生产力的气候变量(4)(气温,水利用率和云量)。该分析的基础是一种自回归建模方法,该方法用于在月度尺度上确定植被生产力的气候驱动因素,此外还具有记忆效应和对外部强迫的响应率降低的地区(5)。我们发现了北极苔原,北方森林带的部分地区,热带雨林,世界各地的高山地区,中亚以及北美和南美的草原和草原地区,东部的Caatinga落叶林等对气候变化具有增强响应的生态敏感地区南美和澳大利亚东部地区。我们的研究提供了一种定量方法论,以评估生态系统对自然的响应或具有强烈的人为特征的环境变化的相对响应率,这是解决为什么某些区域似乎比其他区域更敏感以及产生何种影响的第一步这取决于生态系统服务提供和人类福祉的复原力。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2016年第7593期|229-232|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, Allegaten 41, N-500 Bergen, Norway;

    Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QY, England;

    Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford Martin Sch, Long Term Ecol Lab,Biodivers Inst, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England;

    Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford Martin Sch, Long Term Ecol Lab,Biodivers Inst, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England;

    Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, Allegaten 41, N-500 Bergen, Norway|Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford Martin Sch, Long Term Ecol Lab,Biodivers Inst, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England|Royal Bot Gardens, Richmond TW9 3AB, Surrey, England;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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