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Relativistic reverberation in the accretion flow of a tidal disruption event

机译：潮汐扰动事件吸积流中的相对论混响

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Our current understanding of the curved space-time around supermassive black holes is based on actively accreting black holes, which make up only ten per cent or less of the overall population. X-ray observations of that small fraction reveal strong gravitational redshifts that indicate that many of these black holes are rapidly rotating(1); however, selection biases suggest that these results are not necessarily reflective of the majority of black holes in the Universe(2). Tidal disruption events, where a star orbiting an otherwise dormant black hole gets tidally shredded and accreted onto the black hole(3), can provide a short, unbiased glimpse at the space-time around the other ninety per cent of black holes. Observations of tidal disruptions have hitherto revealed the formation of an accretion disk and the onset of an accretion-powered jet(4-8), but have failed to reveal emission from the inner accretion flow, which enables the measurement of black hole spin. Here we report observations of reverberation(9-12) arising from gravitationally redshifted iron Ka photons reflected off the inner accretion flow in the tidal disruption event Swift J1644+57. From the reverberation timescale, we estimate the mass of the black hole to be a few million solar masses, suggesting an accretion rate of 100 times the Eddington limit or more(13). The detection of reverberation from the relativistic depths of this rare super-Eddington event demonstrates that the X-rays do not arise from the relativistically moving regions of a jet, as previously thought(5,14).
机译：我们目前对超大质量黑洞周围的弯曲时空的理解是基于积极增加的黑洞，而黑洞仅占总人口的百分之十或更少。 X射线对这一小部分的观察显示出很强的引力红移，表明许多这些黑洞正在快速旋转（1）。但是，选择偏见表明这些结果不一定反映Universe（2）中的大多数黑洞。潮汐破坏事件会使绕着休眠的黑洞运转的恒星被潮汐粉碎并积聚在黑洞上（3），这可以使围绕其他90％的黑洞的时空短时无偏见。迄今为止，潮汐扰动的观测显示出吸积盘的形成和吸积动力射流的爆发（4-8），但未能揭示出内部吸积流的排放，从而可以测量黑洞旋转。在这里，我们报告了在潮汐扰动事件Swift J1644 + 57中由内积流反射的重力红移铁Ka光子引起的混响（9-12）观察结果。从混响时间尺度来看，我们估计黑洞的质量为几百万个太阳质量，表明吸积率是爱丁顿极限的100倍或更多（13）。从这种罕见的超爱丁顿事件的相对论深度检测到混响表明，X射线并非来自喷气机的相对论运动区域，如先前所想（5,14）。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2016年第7612期|388-390|共3页
  • 作者

    Kara Erin; Miller Jon M.; Reynolds Chris; Dai Lixin;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA|NASA, Xray Astrophys Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA|Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA|Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA|Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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