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Combinatorial design of textured mechanical metamaterials

机译：织构机械超材料的组合设计

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摘要

The structural complexity of metamaterials is limitless, but, in practice, most designs comprise periodic architectures that lead to materials with spatially homogeneous features(1-11). More advanced applications in soft robotics, prosthetics and wearable technology involve spatially textured mechanical functionality, which requires aperiodic architectures. However, a naive implementation of such structural complexity invariably leads to geometrical frustration (whereby local constraints cannot be satisfied everywhere), which prevents coherent operation and impedes functionality. Here we introduce a combinatorial strategy for the design of aperiodic, yet frustration-free, mechanical metamaterials that exhibit spatially textured functionalities. We implement this strategy using cubic building blocks-voxels-that deform anisotropically, a local stacking rule that allows cooperative shape changes by guaranteeing that deformed building blocks fit together as in a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle, and three-dimensional printing. These aperiodic metamaterials exhibit long-range holographic order, whereby the two-dimensional pixelated surface texture dictates the three-dimensional interior voxel arrangement. They also act as programmable shape-shifters, morphing into spatially complex, but predictable and designable, shapes when uniaxially compressed. Finally, their mechanical response to compression by a textured surface reveals their ability to perform sensing and pattern analysis. Combinatorial design thus opens up a new avenue towards mechanical metamaterials with unusual order and machine-like functionalities.
机译：超材料的结构复杂性是无限的，但是在实践中，大多数设计都包含周期性的体系结构，这些体系导致材料具有空间均一的特征（1-11）。软机器人，假肢和可穿戴技术的更高级应用涉及空间纹理化的机械功能，这需要非周期性的体系结构。然而，这种结构复杂性的幼稚实现总是导致几何上的挫败（从而不能在任何地方满足局部约束），这阻止了连贯的操作并妨碍了功能。在这里，我们介绍了一种组合策略，用于设计具有空间纹理功能的非周期性但无挫折的机械超材料。我们使用各向异性变形的立体积木，体素，通过保证变形的积木可以像三维拼图一样配合在一起并进行三维打印的局部形状叠加规则，来实现协作形状更改，从而实现了这种策略。这些非周期性超材料表现出远距离的全息顺序，从而二维像素化的表面纹理决定了三维内部体素的排列。它们还充当可编程的移形器，在单轴压缩时会变形为空间复杂但可预测和可设计的形状。最后，它们对带纹理的表面压缩的机械响应显示了它们执行传感和图案分析的能力。因此，组合设计开辟了一条通向具有超常顺序和类似机器功能的机械超材料的新途径。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2016年第7613期|529-532|共4页
  • 作者

    Coulais Corentin; Teomy Eial; de Reus Koen; Shokef Yair; van Hecke Martin;

  • 作者单位

    Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, POB 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands|FOM Inst AMOLF, Sci Pk 104, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands;

    Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Mech Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel|Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Ctr Computat Mol & Mat Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel;

    Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, POB 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands;

    Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Mech Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel|Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Ctr Computat Mol & Mat Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel;

    Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, POB 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands|FOM Inst AMOLF, Sci Pk 104, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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