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Western boundary currents regulated by interaction between ocean eddies and the atmosphere

机译：西部边界流受海洋涡流与大气相互作用的调节

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摘要

Current climate models systematically underestimate the strength of oceanic fronts associated with strong western boundary currents, such as the Kuroshio and Gulf Stream Extensions, and have difficulty simulating their positions at the mid-latitude ocean's western boundaries(1). Even with an enhanced grid resolution to resolve ocean mesoscale eddies-energetic circulations with horizontal scales of about a hundred kilometres that strongly interact with the fronts and currents-the bias problem can still persist(2); to improve climate models we need a better understanding of the dynamics governing these oceanic frontal regimes. Yet prevailing theories about the western boundary fronts are based on ocean internal dynamics without taking into consideration the intense air-sea feedbacks in these oceanic frontal regions. Here, by focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Jet east of Japan as the direct continuation of the Kuroshio, we show that feedback between ocean mesoscale eddies and the atmosphere (OME-A) is fundamental to the dynamics and control of these energetic currents. Suppressing OME-A feedback in eddy-resolving coupled climate model simulations results in a 20-40 per cent weakening in the Kuroshio Extension Jet. This is because OME-A feedback dominates eddy potential energy destruction, which dissipates more than 70 per cent of the eddy potential energy extracted from the Kuroshio Extension Jet. The absence of OME-A feedback inevitably leads to a reduction in eddy potential energy production in order to balance the energy budget, which results in a weakened mean current. The finding has important implications for improving climate models' representation of major oceanic fronts, which are essential components in the simulation and prediction of extratropical storms and other extreme events(3-6), as well as in the projection of the effect on these events of climate change.
机译：当前的气候模型系统地低估了与黑潮和海湾流扩展等强西部边界流相关的海锋的强度，并且难以模拟它们在中纬度海洋西部边界的位置（1）。即使采用增强的网格分辨率来解决海洋中尺度涡旋-水平尺度约一百公里的高能循环与前沿和洋流强烈相互作用，偏差问题仍然存在（2）；为了改善气候模型，我们需要更好地了解控制这些海洋锋面政权的动力学。然而，有关西部边界前沿的流行理论是基于海洋内部动力学的，没有考虑到这些海洋前沿地区强烈的海气反馈。在这里，通过将日本东部的黑潮扩展喷气机作为黑潮的直接延续，我们表明，海洋中尺度涡旋和大气层（OME-A）之间的反馈对于这些高能流的动力学和控制至关重要。在涡旋解析耦合气候模型模拟中抑制OME-A反馈会导致黑潮延长喷气机的强度降低20-40％。这是因为OME-A反馈支配着涡旋势能的破坏，这消散了从黑潮扩展喷气机提取的涡旋势能的70％以上。缺乏OME-A反馈不可避免地会导致涡流势能产生的减少，以平衡能量预算，从而导致平均电流减弱。这一发现对改善气候模型对主要海洋前沿的表示具有重要意义，这是对温带风暴和其他极端事件的模拟和预测（3-6）以及对这些事件影响的预测的重要组成部分气候变化。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2016年第7613期|533-537|共5页
  • 作者

    Ma Xiaohui; Jing Zhao; Chang Ping; Liu Xue; Montuoro Raffaele; Small R. Justin; Bryan Frank O.; Greatbatch Richard J.; Brandt Peter; Wu Dexing; Lin Xiaopei; Wu Lixin;

  • 作者单位

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA;

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA;

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA|Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA;

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA;

    Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA;

    Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA;

    Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA;

    GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Kiel, Germany|Univ Kiel, Fac Math & Nat Sci, Kiel, Germany;

    GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Kiel, Germany|Univ Kiel, Fac Math & Nat Sci, Kiel, Germany;

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China;

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China;

    Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab CIMST, Qingdao, Peoples R China|Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Qingdao, Peoples R China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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