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Optically addressable nuclear spins in a solid with a six-hour coherence time

机译：具有六个小时相干时间的可光学寻址的核自旋在固体中

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摘要

量子纠缠在几百公里以外的分布(正如一个世界范围的量子通信网络将会要求的那样)是被在传播过程中积累的损失所禁止的。这个局限性利用一个涉及量子信息存储的转发器协议也许可以克服，假如能够实现寿命足够长的纠缠rn的活。目前的相干时间记录是3小时，是在由硅-28内的磷供体组成的一个系统中实现的。在这项研究中，Manjin Zhong等人打破了这一记录，在铕惨杂的正硅酸钇材料中实现了6小时的相干时间，而这种材料中以前的相干时间只限于几十毫秒。这一系统的关键优势是，所涉及的转变是可以光寻址的(optically addressable),这使得该发现对于长寿命量子记忆应用尤其充满希望。%Space-like separation of entangled quantum states is a central concept in fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics and in quantum communication applications. Optical approaches are ubiquitous in the distribution of entanglement because entangled photons are easy to generate and transmit. However, extending this direct distribution beyond a range of a few hundred kilometres to a worldwide network is prohibited by losses associated with scattering, diffraction and absorption during transmission. A proposal to overcome this range limitation is the quantum repeater protocol, which involves the distribution of entangled pairs of optical modes among many quantum memories stationed along the transmission channel. To be effective, the memories must store the quantum information encoded on the optical modes for times that are long compared to the direct optical transmission time of the channel. Here we measure a decoherence rate of 8 × 10~(-5) per second over 100 milliseconds, which is the time required for light transmission on a global scale. The measurements were performed on a ground-state hyperfine transition of europium ion dopants in yttrium orthosilicate (~(151)Eu~(3+): Y_2SiO_5) using optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The observed decoherence rate is at least an order of magnitude lower than that of any other system suitable for an optical quantum memory. Furthermore, by employing dynamic decoupling, a coherence time of 370 ± 60 minutes was achieved at 2 kelvin. It has been almost universally assumed that light is the best longdistance carrier for quantum information. However, the coherence time observed here is long enough that nuclear spins travelling at 9 kilometres per hour in a crystal would have a lower decoherence with distance than light in an optical fibre. This enables some very early approaches to entanglement distribution to be revisited, in particular those in which the spins are transported rather than the light.
机译：量子纠缠在几百公里以外的分布(正如一个世界范围的量子通信网络将会要求的那样)是被在传播过程中积累的损失所禁止的。这个局限性利用一个涉及量子信息存储的转发器协议也许可以克服，假如能够实现寿命足够长的纠缠rn的活。目前的相干时间记录是3小时，是在由硅-28内的磷供体组成的一个系统中实现的。在这项研究中，Manjin Zhong等人打破了这一记录，在铕惨杂的正硅酸钇材料中实现了6小时的相干时间，而这种材料中以前的相干时间只限于几十毫秒。这一系统的关键优势是，所涉及的转变是可以光寻址的(optically addressable),这使得该发现对于长寿命量子记忆应用尤其充满希望。%Space-like separation of entangled quantum states is a central concept in fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics and in quantum communication applications. Optical approaches are ubiquitous in the distribution of entanglement because entangled photons are easy to generate and transmit. However, extending this direct distribution beyond a range of a few hundred kilometres to a worldwide network is prohibited by losses associated with scattering, diffraction and absorption during transmission. A proposal to overcome this range limitation is the quantum repeater protocol, which involves the distribution of entangled pairs of optical modes among many quantum memories stationed along the transmission channel. To be effective, the memories must store the quantum information encoded on the optical modes for times that are long compared to the direct optical transmission time of the channel. Here we measure a decoherence rate of 8 × 10~(-5) per second over 100 milliseconds, which is the time required for light transmission on a global scale. The measurements were performed on a ground-state hyperfine transition of europium ion dopants in yttrium orthosilicate (~(151)Eu~(3+): Y_2SiO_5) using optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The observed decoherence rate is at least an order of magnitude lower than that of any other system suitable for an optical quantum memory. Furthermore, by employing dynamic decoupling, a coherence time of 370 ± 60 minutes was achieved at 2 kelvin. It has been almost universally assumed that light is the best longdistance carrier for quantum information. However, the coherence time observed here is long enough that nuclear spins travelling at 9 kilometres per hour in a crystal would have a lower decoherence with distance than light in an optical fibre. This enables some very early approaches to entanglement distribution to be revisited, in particular those in which the spins are transported rather than the light.

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2015年第7533期|177-180a3|共5页
  • 作者

    Manjin Zhong; Morgan P. Hedges; Rose L. Ahlefeldt; John G. Bartholomew; Sarah E. Beavan; Sven M. Wittig; Jevon J. Longdell; Matthew J. Sellars;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia;

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia,Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08554, USA;

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia,LaboratoireAime Cotton, CNRS-UPR 3321, Universite Paris-Sud and ENS Cachan, 91405 Orsay, France;

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia;

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia,Fakultaet fuer Physik and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1,80539 Munich, Germany;

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia,Kayser-Threde GmbH, Wolfratshauser strasse 48,81379 Munich, Germany;

    The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, and Department of Physics, University of Otago, 730 Cumberland Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand;

    Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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