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Anomalous dispersions of 'hedgehog' particles

机译:刺猬粒子的反常分散

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摘要

Hydrophobic particles in water and hydrophilic particles in oil aggregate, but can form colloidal dispersions if their surfaces are chemically camouflaged with surfactants, organic tethers, adsorbed polymers or other particles that impart affinity for the solvent and increase inter-particle repulsion. A different strategy for modulating the interaction between a solid and a liquid uses surface corrugation, which gives rise to unique wetting behaviour. Here we show that this topographical effect can also be used to disperse particles in a wide range of solvents without recourse to chemicals to camouflage the particles' surfaces: we produce micrometre-sized particles that are coated with stiff, nanoscale spikes and exhibit long-term colloidal stability in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic media. We find that these 'hedgehog' particles do not interpenetrate each other with their spikes, which markedly decreases the contact area between the particles and, therefore, the attractive forces between them. The trapping of air in aqueous dispersions, solvent autoionization at highly developed interfaces, and long-range electrostatic repulsion in organic media also contribute to the colloidal stability of our particles. The unusual dispersion behaviour of our hedgehog particles, overturning the notion that like dissolves like, might help to mitigate adverse environmental effects of the use of surfactants and volatile organic solvents, and deepens our understanding of interparticle interactions and nanoscale colloidal chemistry.
机译:水中的疏水性颗粒和油中的亲水性颗粒聚集,但如果其表面化学上被表面活性剂,有机系链,吸附的聚合物或赋予溶剂亲和力并增加颗粒间排斥力的其他颗粒化学掩盖,则可形成胶体分散体。调节固体与液体之间相互作用的另一种策略是使用表面波纹,这会产生独特的润湿性能。在这里,我们证明了这种地形效应还可以用于将颗粒分散在各种溶剂中,而无需使用化学物质来伪装颗粒的表面:我们生产的微米级颗粒涂有坚硬的纳米级尖峰,并且可以长期保持在亲水和疏水介质中的胶体稳定性。我们发现,这些“刺猬”粒子不会与它们的尖峰相互渗透,从而显着减小了粒子之间的接触面积,因此减小了它们之间的吸引力。空气在水分散体中的捕集,在高度发达的界面处的溶剂自电离以及有机介质中的长距离静电排斥力也有助于我们的颗粒的胶体稳定性。我们刺猬粒子的异常分散行为,颠覆了像“溶解”这样的概念,可能有助于减轻使用表面活性剂和挥发性有机溶剂的不利环境影响,并加深我们对粒子间相互作用和纳米胶体化学的理解。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2015年第7536期|596-599|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

    Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

    Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 3062C H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

    Single Molecule Analysis in Real Time (SMART) Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA,Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 3062C H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA,Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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