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An ultrafast rechargeable aluminium-ion battery

机译:超快速可充电铝离子电池

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摘要

铝的低成本和有用电气性质表明,铝离子充电电池也许能提供可行的、安全的电池技术,但阴极材料方面的问题、循环性能差的问题和其他相关问题始终未能解决。在这篇论文中,Hongjie Dai及同事描述了一种铝离子电池,它能在一分钟内充电,同时与以前文献中报告的电池相比循环寿命也大大提高,而且容量几乎没有衰减。这种电池利用一种非可燃性离子液体电解质、通过铝的电化学沉积和溶解以及氯铝酸盐阴离子向一种新型3D石墨泡沫阴极内的嵌入/脱嵌来工作。%The development of new rechargeable battery systems could fuel various energy applications, from personal electronics to grid storage. Rechargeable aluminium-based batteries offer the possibilities of low cost and low flammability, together with three-electron-redox properties leading to high capacity. However, research efforts over the past 30 years have encountered numerous problems, such as cathode material disintegration, low cell discharge voltage (about 0.55 volts; ref. 5), capacitive behaviour without discharge voltage plateaus (1.1-0.2 volts or 1.8-0.8 volts) and insufficient cycle life (less than 100 cycles) with rapid capacity decay (by 26-85 per cent over 100 cycles). Here we present a rechargeable aluminium battery with high-rate capability that uses an aluminium metal anode and a three-dimensional graphitic-foam cathode. The battery operates through the electrochemical deposition and dissolution of aluminium at the anode, and intercalation/de-intercalation of chloroaluminate anions in the graphite, using a non-flammable ionic liquid electrolyte. The cell exhibits well-defined discharge voltage plateaus near 2 volts, a specific capacity of about 70 mAhg~(-1) and a Coulombic efficiency of approximately 98 per cent. The cathode was found to enable fast anion diffusion and intercalation, affording charging times of around one minute with a current density of ~4,000 mA g~(-1) (equivalent to ~3,000 W kg~(-1)), and to withstand more than 7,500 cycles without capacity decay.
机译:铝的低成本和有用电气性质表明,铝离子充电电池也许能提供可行的、安全的电池技术,但阴极材料方面的问题、循环性能差的问题和其他相关问题始终未能解决。在这篇论文中,Hongjie Dai及同事描述了一种铝离子电池,它能在一分钟内充电,同时与以前文献中报告的电池相比循环寿命也大大提高,而且容量几乎没有衰减。这种电池利用一种非可燃性离子液体电解质、通过铝的电化学沉积和溶解以及氯铝酸盐阴离子向一种新型3D石墨泡沫阴极内的嵌入/脱嵌来工作。%The development of new rechargeable battery systems could fuel various energy applications, from personal electronics to grid storage. Rechargeable aluminium-based batteries offer the possibilities of low cost and low flammability, together with three-electron-redox properties leading to high capacity. However, research efforts over the past 30 years have encountered numerous problems, such as cathode material disintegration, low cell discharge voltage (about 0.55 volts; ref. 5), capacitive behaviour without discharge voltage plateaus (1.1-0.2 volts or 1.8-0.8 volts) and insufficient cycle life (less than 100 cycles) with rapid capacity decay (by 26-85 per cent over 100 cycles). Here we present a rechargeable aluminium battery with high-rate capability that uses an aluminium metal anode and a three-dimensional graphitic-foam cathode. The battery operates through the electrochemical deposition and dissolution of aluminium at the anode, and intercalation/de-intercalation of chloroaluminate anions in the graphite, using a non-flammable ionic liquid electrolyte. The cell exhibits well-defined discharge voltage plateaus near 2 volts, a specific capacity of about 70 mAhg~(-1) and a Coulombic efficiency of approximately 98 per cent. The cathode was found to enable fast anion diffusion and intercalation, affording charging times of around one minute with a current density of ~4,000 mA g~(-1) (equivalent to ~3,000 W kg~(-1)), and to withstand more than 7,500 cycles without capacity decay.

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2015年第7547期|325-328c3|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA,Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA,Schoot of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan,Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

    Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;

    Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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