Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years

Sigl M.; Winstrup M.; McConnell J. R.; Welten K. C.; Plunkett G.; Ludlow F.; Buentgen U.; Caffee M.; Chellman N.; Dahl-Jensen D.; Fischer H.; Kipfstuhl S.; Kostick C.; Maselli O. J.; Mekhaldi F.; Mulvaney R.; Muscheler R.; Pasteris D. R.; Pilcher J. R.; Salzer M.; Schuepbach S.; Steffensen J. P.; Vinther B. M.; Woodruff T. E.

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Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years

机译：过去2500年火山喷发的时间和气候强迫

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Volcanic eruptions contribute to climate variability, but quantifying these contributions has been limited by inconsistencies in the timing of atmospheric volcanic aerosol loading determined from ice cores and subsequent cooling from climate proxies such as tree rings. Here we resolve these inconsistencies and show that large eruptions in the tropics and high latitudes were primary drivers of interannual-to-decadal temperature variability in the Northern Hemisphere during the past 2,500 years. Our results are based on new records of atmospheric aerosol loading developed from high-resolution, multi-parameter measurements from an array of Greenland and Antarctic ice cores as well as distinctive age markers to constrain chronologies. Overall, cooling was proportional to the magnitude of volcanic forcing and persisted for up to ten years after some of the largest eruptive episodes. Our revised timescale more firmly implicates volcanic eruptions as catalysts in the major sixth-century pandemics, famines, and socioeconomic disruptions in Eurasia and Mesoamerica while allowing multi-millennium quantification of climate response to volcanic forcing.

机译：火山喷发导致气候变化，但对这些贡献的量化受到制于由冰芯确定的大气火山气溶胶装填时间和随后由诸如树木年轮等气候代理物降温的时间不一致的限制。在这里，我们解决了这些矛盾，并表明，在过去的2500年中，热带和高纬度地区的大喷发是北半球年际至年代际温度变化的主要驱动因素。我们的结果基于对大气气溶胶负荷的新记录，这些记录来自对格陵兰岛和南极冰芯的高分辨率，多参数测量以及独特的年龄标记，以约束年代。总体而言，降温与火山强迫的大小成正比，并在某些最大的爆发事件后持续了长达十年。我们修订后的时间表更加明确地暗示火山爆发是六世纪欧亚大陆和中美洲的主要流行病，饥荒和社会经济破坏的催化剂，同时允许对气候对火山强迫的响应进行千年量化。

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《Nature》 |2015年第7562期|543-549|共7页
作者
Sigl M.; Winstrup M.; McConnell J. R.; Welten K. C.; Plunkett G.; Ludlow F.; Buentgen U.; Caffee M.; Chellman N.; Dahl-Jensen D.; Fischer H.; Kipfstuhl S.; Kostick C.; Maselli O. J.; Mekhaldi F.; Mulvaney R.; Muscheler R.; Pasteris D. R.; Pilcher J. R.; Salzer M.; Schuepbach S.; Steffensen J. P.; Vinther B. M.; Woodruff T. E.;
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作者单位

Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;

Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA;

Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;

Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;

Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland;

Yale Univ, Yale Climate & Energy Inst, New Haven, CT 06511 USA|Yale Univ, Dept Hist, New Haven, CT 06511 USA;

Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland|Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland|Global Change Res Ctr AS CR, Brno 60300, Czech Republic;

Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA|Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA;

Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;

Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ice & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;

Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland|Univ Bern, Climate & Environm Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;

Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Alfred Wegener Inst, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany;

Univ Nottingham, Dept Hist, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England;

Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;

Lund Univ, Quaternary Sci, Dept Geol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden;

British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England;

Lund Univ, Quaternary Sci, Dept Geol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden;

Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;

Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland;

Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA;

Univ Bern, Climate & Environm Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;

Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ice & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;

Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ice & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;

Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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7. Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years [O] . Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., 2015

机译：过去2500年火山喷发的时间和气候强迫

Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years

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