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A millisecond pulsar in a stellar triple system

机译:恒星三重系统中的毫秒脉冲星

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摘要

Gravitationally bound three-body systems have been studied for hundreds of years and are common in our Galaxy. They show complex orbital interactions, which can constrain the compositions, masses and interior structures of the bodies and test theories of gravity, if sufficiently precise measurements are available. A triple system containing a radio pulsar could provide such measurements, but the only previously known such system, PSR B1620-26 (refs 7,8; with a millisecond pulsar, a white dwarf, and a planetary-mass object in an orbit of several decades), shows only weak interactions. Here we report precision timing and multiwavelength observations of PSR J0337 +1715, a millisecond pulsar in a hierarchical triple system with two other stars. Strong gravitational interactions are apparent and provide the masses of the pulsar (1.4378(13)M_(Θ), where M_(Θ) is the solar mass and the parentheses contain the uncertainty in the final decimal places) and the two white dwarf companions (0.19751(15)M© and 0.4101 (3)M_(Θ)), as well as the inclinations of the orbits (both about 39.2°). The unexpectedly coplanar and nearly circular orbits indicate a complex and exotic evolutionary past that differs from those of known stellar systems. The gravitational field of the outer white dwarf strongly accelerates the inner binary containing the neutron star, and the system will thus provide an ideal laboratory in which to test the strong equivalence principle of general relativity.
机译:引力约束的三体系统已经研究了数百年,并且在我们的银河系中很常见。它们显示出复杂的轨道相互作用,如果可以进行足够精确的测量,则可以限制物体的组成,质量和内部结构以及测试引力理论。包含无线电脉冲星的三重系统可以提供这样的测量结果,但是唯一已知的此类系统PSR B1620-26(参考文献7,8;毫秒级脉冲星,白矮星和行星质量物体在几个轨道中十年),仅显示弱互动。在这里,我们报告了P​​SR J0337 +1715的精确定时和多波长观测结果,PSR J0337 +1715是具有其他两个恒星的分级三重系统中的毫秒脉冲星。强烈的引力相互作用很明显,并提供了脉冲星的质量(1.4378(13)M_(Θ,其中M_(Θ)是太阳质量,括号包含最后十进制的不确定性))和两个白矮星伴星( 0.19751(15)M©和0.4101(3)M_(Θ)),以及轨道的倾斜度(均为约39.2°)。出乎意料的共面和近乎圆形的轨道表明,复杂而奇特的进化过去与已知的恒星系统不同。外白矮星的引力场强烈地加速了包含中子星的内双星,因此该系统将提供一个理想的实验室,用以测试广义相对论的强等价原理。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7484期|520-524.A3|共6页
  • 作者单位

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada;

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands,Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada;

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands,Astronomical Institute 'Anton Pannekoek', University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904,1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

    Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA,Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 475 North Charter Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1582, USA;

    Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H4, Canada;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, White Hall, Box 6315, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, USA,National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA;

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands;

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 475 North Charter Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1582, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada;

    Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, White Hall, Box 6315, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, USA;

    Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada;

    Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada;

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands,National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, White Hall, Box 6315, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, USA;

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands,Astronomical Institute 'Anton Pannekoek', University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904,1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA,Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, White Hall, Box 6315, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, USA;

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA,;

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-2475, USA;

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