The European Commission unveiled a package of climate and energy proposals on 22 January, with targets for 2030. European Union member states are to reduce their collective greenhouse-gas emissions by 40% relative to 1990 levels (see page 597). The package also includes recommendations for managing shale-gas extraction by fracking, but not the binding environmental regulation that had been under consideration. Instead, the commission will weigh up over the next 18 months whether further legislation is needed.
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