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Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register

机译：固态混合自旋寄存器中的量子误差校正

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摘要

Error correction is important in classical and quantum computation. Decoherence caused by the inevitable interaction of quantum bits with their environment leads to dephasing or even relaxation. Correction of the concomitant errors is therefore a fundamental requirement for scalable quantum computation. Although algorithms for error correction have been known for some time, experimental realizations are scarce. Here we show quantum error correction in a heterogeneous, solid-state spin system. We demonstrate that joint initialization, projective readout and fast local and non-local gate operations can all be achieved in diamond spin systems, even under ambient conditions. High-fidelity initialization of a whole spin register (99 per cent) and single-shot readout of multiple individual nuclear spins are achieved by using the ancillary electron spin of a nitrogen-vacancy defect. Implementation of a novel non-local gate generic to our electron-nuclear quantum register allows the preparation of entangled states of three nuclear spins, with fidelities exceeding 85 per cent With these techniques, we demonstrate three-qubit phase-flip error correction. Using optimal control, all of the above operations achieve fidelities approaching those needed for fault-tolerant quantum operation, thus paving the way to large-scale quantum computation. Besides their use with diamond spin systems, our techniques can be used to improve scaling of quantum networks relying on phosphorus in silicon, quantum dots, silicon carbide or rare-earth ions in solids.
机译：纠错在经典和量子计算中很重要。量子位与环境不可避免的相互作用所引起的退相干会导致移相甚至弛豫。因此，伴随误差的校正是可伸缩量子计算的基本要求。尽管用于纠错的算法已为人所知已有一段时间了，但实验性的实现却很少。在这里，我们显示了异质固态自旋系统中的量子误差校正。我们证明，即使在环境条件下，联合初始化，投影读出以及快速的局部和非局部门操作都可以在金刚石自旋系统中实现。通过使用氮空位缺陷的辅助电子自旋，可以实现整个自旋寄存器的高保真初始化（99％）和多个核自旋的单次读出。对我们的电子核量子寄存器通用的新型非局部门的实现允许准备三个核自旋的纠缠态，保真度超过85％。使用这些技术，我们演示了三量子位相移误差校正。使用最佳控制，所有上述操作都可以达到逼近容错量子操作所需的保真度，从而为大规模量子计算铺平了道路。除了将其与金刚石自旋系统配合使用外，我们的技术还可用于依靠硅中的磷，量子点，碳化硅或固体中的稀土离子来改善量子网络的缩放比例。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7487期|204-207|共4页
  • 作者

    G. Waldherr; Y. Wang; S. Zaiser; M. Jamali; T. Schulte-Herbrueggen; H. Abe; T. Ohshima; J. Isoya; J. F. Du; P. Neumann; J. Wrachtrup;

  • 作者单位

    3.Physikalisches Institut and Research Center SCOPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,70569 Stuttgart, Germany;

    3.Physikalisches Institut and Research Center SCOPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,70569 Stuttgart, Germany;

    3.Physikalisches Institut and Research Center SCOPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,70569 Stuttgart, Germany;

    3.Physikalisches Institut and Research Center SCOPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,70569 Stuttgart, Germany;

    Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany;

    Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan;

    Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan;

    Research Center for Knowledge Communities, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8550, Japan;

    Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;

    3.Physikalisches Institut and Research Center SCOPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,70569 Stuttgart, Germany;

    3.Physikalisches Institut and Research Center SCOPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57,70569 Stuttgart, Germany,Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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