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Making the Earth move

机译:使地球移动

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摘要

In plate tectonics, the process by which Earths surface is constantly being reorganized and rebuilt, surface plates (the litho-sphere) move over the underlying part of the mantle that is actively transporting heat by convection (the asthenosphere). Almost since plate tectonics was discovered, there has been debate over the nature of the uppermost asthenosphere, particularly whether a lubricating mechanism is required to weaken it and facilitate plate motion. Numerical-modelling studies that attempt to reproduce the geometry and behaviour of plates suggest that some mechanism that lowers the viscosity of a boundary layer beneath the plates is indeed necessary. Into this debate comes the paper by Sifre et al. on page 81 of this issue, in which the authors argue that a small amount of melting of the asthenosphere is consistent with geophysical observations and the presence of active volcanoes on old sea floor (Fig. 1).
机译:在板块构造学中,地球表面不断被重组和重建的过程中,板块(岩石圈)在地幔的下半部分上方移动,该地幔的下半部分通过对流(软流层)主动地传递热量。自从发现板块构造以来,就一直在争论最高层软流圈的性质,特别是是否需要使用润滑机制来弱化它并促进板块运动。试图重现板的几何形状和行为的数值模型研究表明,确实有必要降低板下方边界层粘度的某种机制。 Sifre等人的论文进入了这场辩论。在本期杂志的第81页上,作者认为软流圈的少量融化与地球物理观测以及旧海床上活火山的存在是一致的(图1)。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7498期|40-41|共2页
  • 作者

    ROB L. EVANS;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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