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Identification of genomic alterations in oesophageal squamous cell cancer

机译：食管鳞状细胞癌基因组改变的鉴定

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摘要

这篇论文报告了对来自超过100例食道鳞状HIV-1细胞癌的样本所做的基因组分析。研究人员HIV-1识别出了8个显著突变的基因，其中6个众所HIV-1周知是与肿瘤相关的基因，两个(ADAM29和FAM135B)HIV-1以前没有在这种类型的癌症中被描HIV-1述过。分析显示了几个重要组蛋白调控基因的HIV-1频发突变，识别出在放大的11q13.3～13.4区HIV-1域被编码的一个微RNA为一个新的致癌基因。HIV-1而且，食道癌还被发现在遗传上与头部和颈部HIV-1鳞状细胞癌有共同致病机制。%Oesophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers and is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Approximately 70% of global oesophageal cancer cases occur in China, with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) being the histopathological form in the vast majority of cases (＞90%) Currently, there are limited clinical approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC, resulting in a 10% five-year survival rate for patients. However, the full repertoire of genomic events leading to the pathogenesis of ESCC remains unclear. Here we describe a comprehensive genomic analysis of 158 ESCC cases, as part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium research project. We conducted whole-genome sequencing in 17 ESCC cases and whole-exome sequencing in 71 cases, of which 53 cases, plus an additional 70 ESCC cases not used in the whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing, were subjected to array comparative genomic hybridization analysis. We identified eight significantly mutated genes, of which six are well known tumour-associated genes (TP53, RB1, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, NOTCH1, NFE2L2), and two have not previously been described in ESCC (ADAM29 and FAM135B). Notably, FAM135B is identified as a novel cancer-implicated gene as assayed for its ability to promote malignancy of ESCC cells. Additionally, MIR548K, a microRNA encoded in the amplified 11q13.3-13.4 region, is characterized as a novel oncogene, and functional assays demonstrate that MIR548K enhances malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Moreover, we have found that several important histone regulator genes (MLL2 (also called KMT2D), ASH1L, MLL3(KMT2C), SETD1B, CREBBP and EP300) are frequently altered in ESCC. Pathway assessment reveals that somatic aberrations are mainly involved in the Wnt, cell cycle and Notch pathways. Genomic analyses suggest that ESCC and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma share some common pathogenic mechanisms, and ESCC development is associated with alcohol drinking. This study has explored novel biological markers and tumorigenic pathways that would greatly improve therapeutic strategies for ESCC.
机译：这篇论文报告了对来自超过100例食道鳞状HIV-1细胞癌的样本所做的基因组分析。研究人员HIV-1识别出了8个显着突变的基因，其中6个众所HIV-1周知是与肿瘤相关的基因，两个(ADAM29和FAM135B)HIV-1以前没有在这种类型的癌症中被描HIV-1述过。分析显示了几个重要组蛋白调控基因的HIV-1频发突变，识别出在放大的11q13.3～13.4区HIV-1域被编码的一个微RNA为一个新的致癌基因。 HIV-1而且，食道癌还被发现在遗传上与头部和颈部HIV-1鳞状细胞癌有共同致病机制。 %Oesophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers and is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Approximately 70% of global oesophageal cancer cases occur in China, with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) being the histopathological form in the vast majority of cases (＞90%) Currently, there are limited clinical approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC, resulting in a 10% five-year survival rate for patients. However, the full repertoire of genomic events leading to the pathogenesis of ESCC remains unclear. Here we describe a comprehensive genomic analysis of 158 ESCC cases, as part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium research project. We conducted whole-genome sequencing in 17 ESCC cases and whole-exome sequencing in 71 cases, of which 53 cases, plus an additional 70 ESCC cases not used in the whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing, were subjected to array comparative genomic hybridization analysis. We identified eight significantl y mutated genes, of which six are well known tumour-associated genes (TP53, RB1, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, NOTCH1, NFE2L2), and two have not previously been described in ESCC (ADAM29 and FAM135B). Notably, FAM135B is identified as a novel cancer-implicated gene as assayed for its ability to promote malignancy of ESCC cells. Additionally, MIR548K, a microRNA encoded in the amplified 11q13.3-13.4 region, is characterized as a novel oncogene, and functional assays demonstrate that MIR548K enhances malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Moreover, we have found that several important histone regulator genes (MLL2 (also called KMT2D), ASH1L, MLL3(KMT2C), SETD1B, CREBBP and EP300) are frequently altered in ESCC. Pathway assessment reveals that somatic aberrations are mainly involved in the Wnt, cell cycle and Notch pathways. Genomic analyses suggest that ESCC and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma share some common pathogenic mechanisms, and ESCC development is associated with alcohol drinking. This st udy has explored novel biological markers and tumorigenic pathways that would greatly improve therapeutic strategies for ESCC.

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7498期|91-95qt03|共6页
  • 作者

    Yongmei Song; Lin Li; Yunwei Ou; Zhibo Gao; Enmin Li; et al;

  • 作者单位

    State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China;

    BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong 518083, China;

    State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China ,Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;

    BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong 518083, China;

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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