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Signal amplification and transduction in phytochrome photosensors

机译：植物色素光传感器中的信号放大和转导

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摘要

现在，一种植物光敏色素的感光核心在静止状态和（图示）活跃状态下的晶体结构都已被确定。通过对来自"嗜极菌"Deinococcus radiodurans的植物光敏色素进行研究，Sebastian Westenhoff及同事发现，在静止状态和活跃状态间的转变是由与该生色团接触的一个保守的"舌头"介导的。该生色团附近原子尺度的结构变化在其通过这个"舌头"向其他地方传播时被放大，最后产生一个馈送到细胞信号作用网络其余部分的纳米尺度的构形信号。%Sensory proteins must relay structural signals from the sensory site over large distances to regulatory output domains. Phytochromes are a major family of red-light-sensing kinases that control diverse cellular functions in plants, bacteria and fungi. Bacterial phytochromes consist of a photosensory core and a carboxy- terminal regulatory domain. Structures of photosensory cores are reported in the resting state and conformational responses to light activation have been proposed in the vicinity of the chromophore. However, the structure of the signalling state and the mechanism of downstream signal relay through the photosensory core remain elusive. Here we report crystal and solution structures of the resting and activated states of the photosensory core of the bacteriophytochrome from Deinococcus radiodurans. The structures show an open and closed form of the dimeric protein for the activated and resting states, respectively. This nanometre-scale rearrangement is controlled by refolding of an evo-lutionarily conserved 'tongue', which is in contact with the chromophore. The findings reveal an unusual mechanism in which atomic-scale conformational changes around the chromophore are first amplified into an angstrom-scale distance change in the tongue, and further grow into a nanometre-scale conformational signal. The structural mechanism is a blueprint for understanding how phytochromes connect to the cellular signalling network.
机译：现在，一种植物光敏色素的感光核心在静止状态和（图示）活跃状态下的晶体结构都已被确定。通过对来自"嗜极菌"Deinococcus radiodurans的植物光敏色素进行研究，Sebastian Westenhoff及同事发现，在静止状态和活跃状态间的转变是由与该生色团接触的一个保守的"舌头"介导的。该生色团附近原子尺度的结构变化在其通过这个"舌头"向其他地方传播时被放大，最后产生一个馈送到细胞信号作用网络其余部分的纳米尺度的构形信号。%Sensory proteins must relay structural signals from the sensory site over large distances to regulatory output domains. Phytochromes are a major family of red-light-sensing kinases that control diverse cellular functions in plants, bacteria and fungi. Bacterial phytochromes consist of a photosensory core and a carboxy- terminal regulatory domain. Structures of photosensory cores are reported in the resting state and conformational responses to light activation have been proposed in the vicinity of the chromophore. However, the structure of the signalling state and the mechanism of downstream signal relay through the photosensory core remain elusive. Here we report crystal and solution structures of the resting and activated states of the photosensory core of the bacteriophytochrome from Deinococcus radiodurans. The structures show an open and closed form of the dimeric protein for the activated and resting states, respectively. This nanometre-scale rearrangement is controlled by refolding of an evo-lutionarily conserved 'tongue', which is in contact with the chromophore. The findings reveal an unusual mechanism in which atomic-scale conformational changes around the chromophore are first amplified into an angstrom-scale distance change in the tongue, and further grow into a nanometre-scale conformational signal. The structural mechanism is a blueprint for understanding how phytochromes connect to the cellular signalling network.

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7499期|245-248A2|共5页
  • 作者

    Heikki Takala; Alexander Bjoerling; Oskar Berntsson; Heli Lehtivuori; Stephan Niebling; Maria Hoernke; Irina Kosheleva; Robert Henning; Andreas Menzel; Janne A. Ihalainen; Sebastian Westenhoff;

  • 作者单位

    Nanoscience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Nanoscience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland;

    Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA;

    Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA;

    Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland;

    Nanoscience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland;

    Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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