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Trawling for complements

机译：拖网补

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摘要

Thunderstorms are among natures most awe-inspiring spectacles. Lightning flashes pierce the gloom, causing vast amounts of electric charge - built up at the base of clouds - to find their way to Earth. Even without flashes, static electricity in the clouds affects the charge distribution on Earth's surface. Localized regions of land, and all the objects contained in them, become either enriched in or denuded of electrons, producing a localized net charge that is opposite in sign to that of the clouds directly above. Although most of the cloud base is negative, charge densities vary. As the storm passes overhead, these variations are reflected by complementary charge variations on Earth. To facilitate charge redistribution, electric currents must flow. So, by monitoring the currents at fixed locations on Earth, variations in the charge densities of the passing storm clouds can be mapped. Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Hong et al report how they have done almost exactly this, except that, rather than mapping large-scale electrical storms, they have invented an analogous technique to determine nanoscale charge variations on the surfaces of inorganic materials.
机译：雷暴是最令人敬畏的自然景观。闪电刺穿了阴暗处，导致大量电荷-在云层的底部积聚-进入地球。即使没有闪光，云中的静电也会影响地球表面的电荷分布。土地的局部区域以及其中包含的所有物体变得富集或剥夺了电子，产生的局部净电荷与正上方的云的符号相反。尽管大多数云基为负，但电荷密度会有所不同。随着风暴从头顶经过，这些变化会被地球上互补的电荷变化反映出来。为了促进电荷的重新分配，必须流过电流。因此，通过监视地球上固定位置的电流，可以绘制出经过的风暴云的电荷密度变化。 Hong等人在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的论文报告了他们几乎是如何做到这一点的，只是他们发明了一种类似的技术来确定无机物表面的纳米级电荷变化，而不是绘制大规模的电风暴。材料。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7506期|481-482|共2页
  • 作者

    J. MARTY GREGG; AMIT KUMAR;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Nanostructured Media, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN UK;

    Centre for Nanostructured Media, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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