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The tidal-rotational shape of the Moon and evidence for polar wander

机译：月球的潮汐旋转形状和极地漂移的证据

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摘要

The origin of the Moon's large-scale topography is important for understanding lunar geology, lunar orbital evolution and the Moon's orientation in the sky. Previous hypotheses for its origin have included late accretion events, large impacts, tidal effects and convection processes. However, testing these hypotheses and quantifying the Moon's topography is complicated by die large basins that have formed since the crust crystallized. Here we estimate the large-scale lunar topography and gravity spherical harmonics outside these basins and show that the bulk of the spherical harmonic degree-2 topography is consistent with a crust-building process controlled by early tidal heating throughout the Moon. The remainder of the degree-2 topography is consistent with a frozen tidal-rotational bulge that formed later, at a semi-major axis of about 32 Earth radii. The probability of the degree-2 shape having both tidal-heating and frozen shape characteristics by chance is less than 1%. We also infer that internal density contrasts eventually reoriented the Moon's polar axis by 36 ± 4°, to the configuration we observe today. Together, these results link the geology of the near and far sides, and resolve long-standing questions about the Moon's large-scale shape, gravity and history of polar wander.
机译：月球大规模地形的起源对于了解月球地质学，月球轨道演变和月球在天空中的方向非常重要。关于其起源的先前假设包括后期积聚事件，大的影响，潮汐影响和对流过程。但是，由于地壳结晶以来形成的大型盆地，要检验这些假设并量化月球的地形是很复杂的。在这里，我们估计了这些盆地外的大规模月球地形和重力球形谐波，并表明球形谐波2级地形的大部分与整个月球早期潮汐加热控制的结壳过程一致。 2度地形的其余部分与后来形成的冻结的潮汐旋转隆起一致，位于大约32个地球半径的半长轴上。具有潮汐加热和冻结形状特征的2度形状的可能性偶然小于1％。我们还可以推断出，内部密度的对比最终将月球的极轴重新定向了36±4°，回到了我们今天观察到的配置。这些结果加在一起，将近端和远端的地质联系在一起，并解决了有关月球的大规模形状，引力和极地漫游历史的长期存在的问题。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7513期|181-184|共4页
  • 作者

    Ian Garrick-Bethell; Viranga Perera; Francis Nimmo; Maria T. Zuber;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA,School of Space Research, KyungHee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea;

    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA,School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, PO Box 876004, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6004, USA;

    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA;

    Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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