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Neutrinos from the primary proton-proton fusion process in the Sun

机译：太阳初生质子-质子聚变过程中的中微子

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In the core of the Sun, energy is released through sequences of nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen into helium. The primary reaction is thought to be the fusion of two protons with the emission of a low-energy neutrino. These so-called pp neutrinos constitute nearly the entirety of the solar neutrino flux, vastly outnumbering those emitted in the reactions that follow. Although solar neutrinos from secondary processes have been observed, proving the nuclear origin of the Sun's energy and contributing to the discovery of neutrino oscillations, those from proton-proton fusion have hitherto eluded direct detection. Here we report spectral observations of pp neutrinos, demonstrating that about 99 per cent of the power of the Sun, 3.84 × 10~(33) ergs per second, is generated by the proton-proton fusion process.%太阳的能量输出来自将氢转化成氦的一系列核反应, 其中大多数反应来自两个质子的聚变(质子—质子反应、或称pp反应）, 同时伴随着一个低能中微子的释放。实践证明, 这些中微子难以被捕捉到：此前只有来自二次反应的太阳中微子被直接观测到过。但在这篇论文中, "Borexino合作项目"报告了对pp反应本身所做的观测, 从而为驱动太阳能量释放的主要聚变过程提供了一个直接观测结果。
机译：In the core of the Sun, energy is released through sequences of nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen into helium. The primary reaction is thought to be the fusion of two protons with the emission of a low-energy neutrino. These so-called pp neutrinos constitute nearly the entirety of the solar neutrino flux, vastly outnumbering those emitted in the reactions that follow. Although solar neutrinos from secondary processes have been observed, proving the nuclear origin of the Sun's energy and contributing to the discovery of neutrino oscillations, those from proton-proton fusion have hitherto eluded direct detection. Here we report spectral observations of pp neutrinos, demonstrating that about 99 per cent of the power of the Sun, 3.84 × 10~(33) ergs per second, is generated by the proton-proton fusion process.%太阳的能量输出来自将氢转化成氦的一系列核反应, 其中大多数反应来自两个质子的聚变(质子—质子反应、或称pp反应）, 同时伴随着一个低能中微子的释放。实践证明, 这些中微子难以被捕捉到：此前只有来自二次反应的太阳中微子被直接观测到过。但在这篇论文中, "Borexino合作项目"报告了对pp反应本身所做的观测, 从而为驱动太阳能量释放的主要聚变过程提供了一个直接观测结果。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7515期|383-386337|共5页
  • 作者

    G. Bellini; J. Benziger; D. Bick; G. Bonfini; D. Bravo; et al;

  • 作者单位

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi e INFN, 20133 Milano, Italy;

    Chemical Engineering Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA;

    Institut fuer Experimentalphysik, Universitaet Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany;

    INFN La boratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, Italy;

    Physics Department Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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