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Rivals join forces to nail down Big G

机译:竞争对手联手打压大G

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摘要

It is one of nature's most fundamental numbers, but humanity still doesn't have an accurate value for the gravitational constant. And, bafflingly, scientists' ability to pinpoint G seems to be getting worse. This week, the worlds leading gravity metrologists are meeting to devise a set of experiments that will try to set the record straight. This will call for precision measurements that are notoriously difficult to make - but it will also require for­mer rivals to work together. In his 1687 Philosophiœ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Isaac Newton outlined his theory of gravity: that the force between two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. G is the constant by which the masses must be multiplied to put an absolute value on that attraction. But more than 300 years later, the constant - known as Big G to distinguish it from little g, the acceleration due to gravity on Earth - is known for sure to only 3 significant figures (6.67384(±0.0008) × 10~(-11) m~3 kg~(-1) s~(-2)).
机译:它是自然界最基本的数字之一,但是人类对于引力常数仍然没有准确的数值。而且,令人困惑的是,科学家确定G的能力似乎越来越差。本周,世界领先的重力计量学家开会设计一套实验,以力求打破纪录。这将要求进行精确的测量,而这是很难做到的,但同时也需要以前的竞争对手共同努力。艾萨克·牛顿(Isaac Newton)在其1687年的《自然哲学的自然哲学》一书中概述了他的重力理论:两个物体之间的力与质量的乘积成正比,与它们之间的距离的平方成反比。 G是必须乘以质量以对该吸引力施加绝对值的常数。但是300多年后,这个常数-被称为Big G并将其与小g区别开来,它是由地球引力引起的加速度-只能确定3个有效数字(6.67384(±0.0008)×10〜(-11) m〜3 kg〜(-1)s〜(-2))。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7521期|150-151|共2页
  • 作者

    ELIZABETH GIBNEY;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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