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The oldest known primate skeleton and early haplorhine evolution

机译:已知的最古老的灵长类动物骨架和早期的人类素

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摘要

Reconstructing the earliest phases of primate evolution has been impeded by gaps in the fossil record, so that disagreements persist regarding the palaeobiology and phylogenetic relationships of the earliest primates. Here we report the discovery of a nearly complete and partly articulated skeleton of a primitive haplorhine primate from the early Eocene of China, about 55 million years ago, the oldest fossil primate of this quality ever recovered. Coupled with detailed morphological examination using propagation phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography, our phylogenetic analysis based on total available evidence indicates that this fossil is the most basal known member of the tarsiiform clade. In addition to providing further support for an early dichotomy between the strepsirrhine and haplorhine clades, this newprimate further constrains the age of divergence between tarsiiforms and anthropoids. It also strengthens the hypothesis that the earliest primates were probably diurnal, arboreal and primarily insectivorous mammals the size of modern pygmy mouse lemurs.%我们关于灵长类演化最早阶段的知识受限于化rn石记录中所存在的空白。来自中国“始新世”rn早期(距今5,500Z年前)的一种很小的、非常rn古老的灵长类动物的一个近乎完整的、基本上rn还通过关节连接在一起的骨架的发现,为这rn个问题提供了一些线索。这一新发现的灵长类rn动物似乎是眼镜猴的最早已知近亲,说明类rn人猿与其他灵长类动物分化的时间非常早。这rn种动物跟现代“矮鼠狐猴”大小差不多,其骨rn架特征说明它是一种灵敏的食虫动物,习惯白rn天活动。
机译:化石记录的空白阻碍了灵长类动物进化的最早阶段的重建,因此关于最早的灵长类动物的古生物学和系统发育关系仍然存在分歧。在这里,我们报道了大约5500万年前的中国始新世早期发现的接近原始和原始的灵长类灵长类动物骨架的发现,这是有史以来质量最古老的化石灵长类动物。结合使用传播相衬X射线同步加速器显微断层照相术进行的详细形态学检查,我们基于总的现有证据进行的系统发育分析表明,该化石是tarsiiform进化枝中最基础的已知成员。这种新灵长类动物除了为在链脲菌素和苏柔素进化枝之间的早期二分法提供进一步的支持外,还进一步限制了睑板和类人猿之间的分歧年龄。它还强化了这样的假设,即最早的灵长类动物可能是昼夜,树栖且主要是食虫性哺乳动物,大小相当于现代侏儒鼠狐猴的大小。来自中国“始新世” rn早期(距今5,500Z年前)的一种很小的,非常rn古老的灵长类动物的一个近乎完整的,基本上rn还通过关节连接在一起的骨架的发现,为这rn个问题提供了一些线索。这一新发现的灵长类rn动物似乎是眼镜猴的最初已知近亲,说明类rn人猿与其他灵长类动物分化的时间非常早。这rn种动物跟现代“矮鼠狐猴”大小差不多,其骨rn架特征说明它是一种灵敏的食虫动物,习惯白rn天活动。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2013年第7452期|60-64a2|共6页
  • 作者单位

    Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xi Zhi Men Wai Street, Beijing 100044, China,Division of Paleontology and Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA;

    Department of Anthropology,Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA;

    Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA;

    Division of Paleontology and Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA;

    European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble, France;

    Division of Paleontology and Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA;

    Section of Vertebrate Paleontology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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