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Life history trade-offs at a single locus maintain sexually selected genetic variation

机译：在单个基因座上的生活史权衡可保持性选择的遗传变异

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Sexual selection, through intra-male competition or female choice, is assumed to be a source of strong and sustained directional selection in the wild. In the presence of such strong directional selection, alleles enhancing a particular trait are predicted to become fixed within a population, leading to a decrease in the underlying genetic variation. However, there is often considerable genetic variation underlying sexually selected traits in wild populations, and consequently, this phenomenon has become a long-discussed issue in the field of evolutionary biology. In wild Soay sheep, large horns confer an advantage in strong intra-sexual competition, yet males show an inherited polymorphism for horn type and have substantial genetic variation in their horn size. Here we show that most genetic variation in this trait is maintained by a trade-off between natural and sexual selection at a single gene, relaxin-like receptor 2 (RXFP2). We found that an allele conferring larger horns, Ho~+, is associated with higher reproductive success, whereas a smaller horn allele, Ho~p, confers increased survival, resulting in a net effect of overdominance (that is, heterozygote advantage) for fitness at RXFP2. The nature of this trade-off is simple relative to commonly proposed explanations for the maintenance of sexually selected traits, such as genie capture ('good genes') and sexually antagonistic selection. Our results demonstrate that by identifying the genetic architecture of trait variation, we can determine the principal mechanisms maintaining genetic variation in traits under strong selection and explain apparently counter-evolutionary observations.
机译：通过雄性内部竞争或雌性选择进行的性选择被认为是在野外进行强而持续的定向选择的来源。在这种强方向选择的存在下，增强特定性状的等位基因预计会在群体内固定，从而导致潜在遗传变异的减少。然而，在野生种群中，性选择特征通常具有相当大的遗传变异，因此，这种现象已成为进化生物学领域中长期讨论的问题。在野生的Soay绵羊中，大号角在激烈的性竞争中具有优势，而雄性号角则表现出遗传的多态性，并且号角大小具有显着的遗传变异。在这里，我们表明，通过单个基因松弛素样受体2（RXFP2）的自然选择与有性选择之间的权衡，可以维持此性状的大多数遗传变异。我们发现，赋予较大角号Ho〜+的等位基因与较高的繁殖成功率相关，而较小角形等位基因Ho〜p赋予增加的存活率，从而导致适应性过强的净效应（即杂合子优势）在RXFP2。相对于通常建议的关于维护性选择特征的解释（例如精灵捕获（“好基因”）和性拮抗选择），这种折衷的性质很简单。我们的结果表明，通过鉴定性状变异的遗传结构，我们可以确定在强选择下维持性状遗传变异的主要机制，并可以解释明显的反进化观察。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2013年第7469期|93-95|共3页
  • 作者

    Susan E. Johnston; Jacob Gratten; Camillo Berenos; Jill G. Pilkington; Tim H. Clutton-Brock; Josephine M. Pemberton; Jon Slate;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK,Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK,Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK;

    Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia;

    Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK;

    Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK;

    Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK;

    Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK;

    Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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