番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)在世界各地都是rn一种主要作物，也是茄科开花植物的一个模型rn生物。它被广泛用来研究水果生物学和抗病rn性。现在，一种被驯化的番茄即“Heinz 1706rn栽培种”的高质量基因组序列已被确定，同rn时也确定了其最近的野生亲缘种“醋栗番茄”rn(Solanum pimpinellifolium)的序列初稿。比较rn基因组学方法只能识别二者之间0．6％的差别，rn但却能识别其与土豆(Solanum tuberosum)8％rn以上的差别——土豆是去年测序的。番茄和“醋rn栗番茄”序列也记录了使遗传多样性变窄的一rn些瓶颈：在美洲所进行的驯化工作．少数基因rn型在16世纪向欧洲的出口：以及几个世纪时间rn的强化育种。封面提供：natu/Shutterstock。%Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major crop plant and a model system for fruit development. Solanum is one of the largest angiosperm genera1 and includes annual and perennial plants from diverse habitats. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of domesticated tomato, a draft sequence of its closest wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium, and compare them to each other and to the potato genome (Solanum tuberosum). The two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nudeotide divergence and signs of recent admixture, but show more than 8% divergence from potato, with nine large and several smaller inversions. In contrast to Arabidopsis, but similar to soybean, tomato and potato small RNAs map predominantly to gene-rich chromosomal regions, including gene promoters. The Solanum lineage has experienced two consecutive genome triplications: one that is ancient and shared with rosids, and a more recent one. These triplications set the stage for the neofunctionalization of genes controlling fruit characteristics, such as colour and fleshiness.
展开▼
机译：番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)在世界各地都是rn一种主要作物，也是茄科开花植物的一个模型rn生物。它被广泛用来研究水果生物学和抗病rn性。现在，一种被驯化的番茄即“Heinz 1706rn栽培种”的高质量基因组序列已被确定，同rn时也确定了其最近的野生亲缘种“醋栗番茄”rn(Solanum pimpinellifolium)的序列初稿。比较rn基因组学方法只能识别二者之间0．6％的差别，rn但却能识别其与土豆(Solanum tuberosum)8％rn以上的差别——土豆是去年测序的。番茄和“醋rn栗番茄”序列也记录了使遗传多样性变窄的一rn些瓶颈：在美洲所进行的驯化工作．少数基因rn型在16世纪向欧洲的出口：以及几个世纪时间rn的强化育种。封面提供：natu/Shutterstock。%Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major crop plant and a model system for fruit development. Solanum is one of the largest angiosperm genera1 and includes annual and perennial plants from diverse habitats. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of domesticated tomato, a draft sequence of its closest wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium, and compare them to each other and to the potato genome (Solanum tuberosum). The two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nudeotide divergence and signs of recent admixture, but show more than 8% divergence from potato, with nine large and several smaller inversions. In contrast to Arabidopsis, but similar to soybean, tomato and potato small RNAs map predominantly to gene-rich chromosomal regions, including gene promoters. The Solanum lineage has experienced two consecutive genome triplications: one that is ancient and shared with rosids, and a more recent one. These triplications set the stage for the neofunctionalization of genes controlling fruit characteristics, such as colour and fleshiness.
展开▼
