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Alignment of the stellar spin with the orbits of a three-planet system

机译:恒星自旋与三行星系统轨道的对准

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摘要

The Sun's equator and the planets' orbital planes are nearly aligned, which is presumably a consequence of their formation from a single spinning gaseous disk. For exoplanetary systems this well-aligned configuration is not guaranteed: dynamical interactions may tilt planetary orbits, or stars may be misaligned with the protoplanetary disk through chaotic accretion~1, magnetic interactions~2 or torques from neighbouring stars. Indeed, isolated 'hot Jupiters' are often misaligned and even orbiting retrograde~(3,4). Here we report an analysis of transits of planets over starspots~(5,7) on the Sun-like star Kepler-30 (ref. 8), and show that the orbits of its three planets are aligned with the stellar equator. Furthermore, the orbits are aligned with one another to within a few degrees. This configuration is similar to that of our Solar System, and contrasts with the isolated hot Jupiters. The orderly alignment seen in the Kepler-30 system suggests that high obliquities are confined to systems that experienced disruptive dynamical interactions. Should this be corroborated by observations of other coplanar multi-planet systems, then star-disk misalignments would be ruled out as the explanation for the high obliquities of hot Jupiters, and dynamical interactions would be implicated as the origin of hot Jupiters.
机译:太阳的赤道和行星的轨道平面几乎对齐,这大概是由于它们由单个旋转气态盘形成的结果。对于系外行星系统,不能保证这种良好对齐的配置:动力学相互作用可能会使行星轨道倾斜,或者由于混沌积聚〜1,磁相互作用〜2或来自邻近恒星的转矩,恒星可能与原行星盘未对准。的确,孤立的“热木星”经常错位,甚至绕着逆行轨道旋转(3,4)。在这里,我们报告了对一颗类似太阳的恒星开普勒30(参考文献8)上恒星〜(5,7)上行星的过渡的分析,并显示了其三颗行星的轨道与恒星赤道对齐。此外,轨道在几度内彼此对准。这种配置类似于我们的太阳系,与孤立的热木星形成对比。开普勒30系统中看到的有序排列表明,高倾斜度仅限于经历破坏性动力相互作用的系统。如果可以通过观察其他共面多行星系统来证实这一点,则可以排除星盘未对准是热木星高度倾斜的解释,而动力学相互作用也可能是热木星的起源。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2012年第7408期|p.449-453|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;

    Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California,Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA;

    Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;

    Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, 560 Third Street West, Sonoma, California 95476, USA,NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA,SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave. no. 100, Mountain View, USA;

    University of Florida, 211 Bryant Space Science Center, Gainesville, Florida 32611-2055, USA;

    Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California,Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA;

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA;

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA,SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave. no. 100, Mountain View, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA,SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave. no. 100, Mountain View, USA;

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA,SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave. no. 100, Mountain View, USA;

    Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, 560 Third Street West, Sonoma, California 95476, USA,NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA,SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave. no. 100, Mountain View, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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