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Increase in observed net carbon dioxide uptake by land and oceans during the past 50 years

机译:在过去的50年中,陆地和海洋观测到的净二氧化碳吸收量增加了

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摘要

One of the greatest sources of uncertainty for future climate predictions is the response of the global carbon cycle to climate change. Although approximately one-half of total CO_2 emissions is at present taken up by combined land and ocean carbon reservoirs, models predict a decline in future carbon uptake by these reservoirs, resulting in a positive carbon-climate feedback. Several recent studies suggest that rates of carbon uptake by the land and ocean have remained constant or declined in recent decades. Other work, however, has called into question the reported decline. Here we use global-scale atmospheric CO_2 measurements, CO_2 emission inventories and their full range of uncertainties to calculate changes in global CO_2 sources and sinks during the past 50 years. Our mass balance analysis shows that net global carbon uptake has increased significantly by about 0.05 billion tonnes of carbon per year and that global carbon uptake doubled, from ~2.4 ± 0.8 to 5.0 ± 0.9 billion tonnes per year, between 1960 and 2010. Therefore, it is very unlikely that both land and ocean carbon sinks have decreased on a global scale. Since 1959, approximately 350 billion tonnes of carbon have been emitted by humans to the atmosphere, of which about 55 per cent has moved into the land and oceans. Thus, identifying the mechanisms and locations responsible for increasing global carbon uptake remains a critical challenge in constraining the modern global carbon budget and predicting future carbon-climate interactions.%陆地和海洋碳汇的当前状态一直存在激烈争论,因为它涉及到碳循环如何响应气候变化的问题。当前二氧化碳排放约一半被陆地和海洋碳汇吸收。模型研究预测未来碳汇将下降,导rn致一个正的碳一气候反馈。同时几项研究曾提出,陆地和海洋碳汇也在开始下降。这些作者用一个全球质量平衡方法来审计全球碳循环,重点关注对大气二氧化碳在有很好约束条件下rn的观测结果以及对人类活动造成的排放所做估计和对不确定性所做的严格分析。他们发现,碳汇在过去50年实际上增加了两倍,并且还在继续显著增加。截止2010年,尚无迹象表明rn碳吸收已开始在全球尺度上减少。
机译:未来气候预测的最大不确定性来源之一是全球碳循环对气候变化的响应。尽管目前陆地和海洋碳储库的总CO_2排放量约占一半,但模型预测这些储库未来的碳吸收量将下降,从而产生积极的碳气候反馈。最近的一些研究表明,近几十年来,陆地和海洋的碳吸收率一直保持不变或下降。然而,其他工作使人们对报告的下降表示怀疑。在这里,我们使用全球范围内的大气CO_2测量值,CO_2排放清单及其全部不确定性来计算过去50年中全球CO_2来源和汇的变化。我们的质量平衡分析表明,1960年至2010年之间,全球净碳吸收量每年显着增加约5亿吨碳,全球碳吸收量从每年的约2.4±0.8吨增加到5.0±9亿吨,翻了一番。在全球范围内,陆地和海洋的碳汇都不太可能减少。自1959年以来,人类向大气排放了约3500亿吨碳,其中约55%已转移到陆地和海洋。因此,在限制现代全球碳预算和预测未来碳与气候的相互作用中,确定导致全球碳吸收增加的机制和位置仍然是一个严峻的挑战。%陆地和海洋碳汇的当前状态一直存在激烈冲突,因为它涉及到模型研究预测未来碳汇将下降,导rn致一个正的碳一气候反馈。同时几项研究曾提出,陆地碳排放量减少了。这些作者用一个全球质量平衡方法来审计全球碳循环,重点关注大气二氧化碳在有很好的约束条件下rn的观测结果以及对人类活动造成的排放估计和他们发现,碳汇在过去50年实际上增加了一对,并且还在继续显着增加。截至2010年,尚无迹象表明碳吸收已开始在全球规模上减少。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2012年第7409期|p.70-72A2|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Geology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA,Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA;

    Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA;

    Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA,Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA;

    Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA;

    Department of Geology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA,Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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