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Observations of increased tropical rainfall preceded by air passage over forests

机译：观察到热带雨水增多，然后穿过森林的空气

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摘要

Vegetation affects precipitation patterns by mediating moisture, energy and trace-gas fluxes between the surface and atmosphere. When forests are replaced by pasture or crops, evapotranspiration of moisture from soil and vegetation is often diminished, leading to reduced atmospheric humidity and potentially suppressing precipitation. Climate models predict that large-scale tropical deforestation causes reduced regional precipitation, although the magnitude of the effect is model and resolution dependent. In contrast, observational studies have linked deforestation to increased precipitation locally but have been unable to explore the impact of large-scale deforestation. Here we use satellite remote-sensing data of tropical precipitation and vegetation, combined with simulated atmospheric transport patterns, to assess the pan-tropical effect of forests on tropical rainfall. We find that for more than 60 per cent of the tropical land surface (latitudes 30 degrees south to 30 degrees north), air that has passed over extensive vegetation in the preceding few days produces at least twice as much rain as air that has passed over little vegetation. We demonstrate that this empirical correlation is consistent with evapotranspiration maintaining atmospheric moisture in air that passes over extensive vegetation. We combine these empirical relationships with current trends of Amazonian deforestation to estimate reductions of 12 and 21 per cent in wet-season and dry-season precipitation respectively across the Amazon basin by 2050, due to less-efficient moisture recycling. Our observation-based results complement similar estimates from climate models, in which the physical mechanisms and feedbacks at work could be explored in more detail.
机译：植被通过介导地表与大气之间的水分，能量和微量气体通量来影响降水模式。当用牧场或农作物代替森林时，土壤和植被中水分的蒸散量通常会减少，从而导致大气湿度降低并可能抑制降水。气候模型预测，大规模的热带森林砍伐会导致区域降水减少，尽管影响的程度取决于模型和分辨率。相比之下，观察性研究将森林砍伐与当地降水增加联系起来，但无法探讨大规模森林砍伐的影响。在这里，我们使用卫星的热带降水和植被遥感数据，结合模拟的大气传输模式，来评估森林对热带降水的泛热带影响。我们发现，对于超过60％的热带陆地表面（南纬30度到北纬30度），过去几天流经广泛植被的空气产生的雨量至少是流经地面的空气的两倍一点植被。我们证明了这种经验相关性与蒸散作用保持了遍及广泛植被的空气中的大气水分一致。我们将这些经验关系与亚马逊地区森林砍伐的当前趋势相结合，以估计由于水分回收效率低下，到2050年整个亚马逊河流域的湿季和干季降水分别减少12％和21％。我们基于观测的结果补充了气候模型的类似估计，其中可以更详细地探讨工作中的物理机制和反馈。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2012年第7415期|p.282-285|共4页
  • 作者

    D. V. Spracklen; S. R. Arnold; C. M. Taylor;

  • 作者单位

    School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;

    School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxford 0X10 8BB, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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