Many people are aware of the rapid growth of China's research output, but not of the dramatic changes that are happening within the country itself. The Nature Publishing Index offers a unique way to assess the research output of a city. Our analysis shows that the top ten Chinese cities for high-quality basic research, in descending order, are Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hefei, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Tianjin.
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