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Polar actomyosin contractility destabilizes the position of the cytokinetic furrow

机译：极性肌动球蛋白的收缩性破坏了细胞动力学沟的位置

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摘要

胞质分裂(一个母细胞分裂成两个分开的子细rn胞的过程)机制的研究，经常关注的是可收缩rn的肌动球蛋白环在细胞(球体)赤道上的作用。rnEwa Palucth及其同事则是研究胞质分裂过程中rn细胞两极的肌动球蛋白皮层的机械作用。他们rn发现，一个可收缩的两极皮层的存在，使得胞rn质分裂成为一个具有固有不稳定性的过程，它rn能导致收缩环的位置不准。他们提出，形成分rn裂中的细胞的两极的膜泡，能通过释放皮层的rn收缩性来稳定其位置。这些发现揭示了一个正rn在分裂中的细胞在形状上的一个固有的不稳定rn性，也显示了可帮助限制形状不稳定性的一个rn新机制。%Cytokinesis, the physical separation of daughter cells at the end of mitosis, requires precise regulation of the mechanical properties of the cell periphery1'2. Although studies of cytokinetic mechanics mostly focus on the equatorial constriction ring3, a contractile actomyosin cortex is also present at the poles of dividing cells2'4. Whether polar forces influence cytokinetic cell shape and furrow positioning remains an open question. Here we demonstrate that the polar cortex makes cytokinesis inherently unstable. We show that limited asymmetric polar contractions occur during cytokinesis, and that perturbing the polar cortex leads to cell shape oscillations, resulting in furrow displacement and aneuploidy. A theoretical model based on a competition between cortex turnover and contraction dynamics accurately accounts for the oscillations. We further propose that membrane blebs, which commonly form at the poles of dividing cells5 and whose role in cytokinesis has long been enigmatic, stabilize cell shape by acting as valves releasing cortical contractility. Our findings reveal an inherent instability in the shape of the dividing cell and unveil a novel, spindle-independent mechanism ensuring the stability of cleavage furrow positioning.
机译：胞质分裂(一个母细胞分裂成两个分开的子细rn胞的过程)机制的研究，经常关注的是可收缩rn的肌动球蛋白环在细胞(球体)赤道上的作用。rnEwa Palucth及其同事则是研究胞质分裂过程中rn细胞两极的肌动球蛋白皮层的机械作用。他们rn发现，一个可收缩的两极皮层的存在，使得胞rn质分裂成为一个具有固有不稳定性的过程，它rn能导致收缩环的位置不准。他们提出，形成分rn裂中的细胞的两极的膜泡，能通过释放皮层的rn收缩性来稳定其位置。这些发现揭示了一个正rn在分裂中的细胞在形状上的一个固有的不稳定rn性，也显示了可帮助限制形状不稳定性的一个rn新机制。%Cytokinesis, the physical separation of daughter cells at the end of mitosis, requires precise regulation of the mechanical properties of the cell periphery1'2. Although studies of cytokinetic mechanics mostly focus on the equatorial constriction ring3, a contractile actomyosin cortex is also present at the poles of dividing cells2'4. Whether polar forces influence cytokinetic cell shape and furrow positioning remains an open question. Here we demonstrate that the polar cortex makes cytokinesis inherently unstable. We show that limited asymmetric polar contractions occur during cytokinesis, and that perturbing the polar cortex leads to cell shape oscillations, resulting in furrow displacement and aneuploidy. A theoretical model based on a competition between cortex turnover and contraction dynamics accurately accounts for the oscillations. We further propose that membrane blebs, which commonly form at the poles of dividing cells5 and whose role in cytokinesis has long been enigmatic, stabilize cell shape by acting as valves releasing cortical contractility. Our findings reveal an inherent instability in the shape of the dividing cell and unveil a novel, spindle-independent mechanism ensuring the stability of cleavage furrow positioning.

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2011年第7361期|p.462-466|共5页
  • 作者

    Jakub Sedzinski; Mate Biro; Annelie Oswald; Jean-Yves Tinevez; Guillaume Salbreux; Ewa Paluch;

  • 作者单位

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02109 Warsaw, Poland;

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02109 Warsaw, Poland;

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany;

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02109 Warsaw, Poland;

    Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany. fPresent address: Pasteur Institute, 75724 Paris, France;

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02109 Warsaw, Poland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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