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Relativistic jet activity from the tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole

机译：相对质量的射流活动是由于恒星被巨大的黑洞造成的潮汐破坏所致

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两个小组报告了对X．射线源Swift J 1 64449．3+rn573451的观测结果，它是在201 1年3月28日当rn其触发Swift BLwst Aletl 1elescope时被发现rn的。Burrow8等人报告，这个射线源在X-射线rn波段的亮度自1990年以来已增大了超过1万rn倍，自2010年以来已增大了超过100倍。他们rn的结论是，我们正在观测来自一个超大黑洞的rn相对论喷射活动的开始。ZatJderer等人得出一rn个相似的结论，他们是根据自己对一个与这个rn光源相关的“射电瞬变”的观测结果以及在其rn演化的第一个月在厘米至毫米波长所进行的广rn泛监测得出结论的。他们估计该黑洞的质量约rn为100万个太阳质量。%Supermassive black holes have powerful gravitational fields with strong gradients that can destroy stars that get too dose1-2, producing a bright flare in ultraviolet and X-ray spectral regions from stellar debris that forms an accretion disk around the black hole3'7. The aftermath of this process may have been seen several times over the past two decades in the form of sparsely sampled, slowly fading emission from distant galaxies8'14, but the onset of the stellar disruption event has not hitherto been observed. Here we report observations of a bright X-ray flare from the extragalactic transient Swift J164449.3+573451. This source increased in brightness in the X-ray band by a factor of at least 10,000 since 1990 and by a factor of at least 100 since early 2010. We conclude that we have captured the onset of relativistic jet activity from a supermassive black hole. A companion paper15 comes to similar conclusions on the basis of radio observations. This event is probably due to the tidal disruption of a star falling into a supermassive black hole, but the detailed behaviour differs from current theoretical models of such events.
机译：两个小组报告了对X．射线源Swift J 1 64449．3+rn573451的观测结果，它是在201 1年3月28日当rn其触发Swift BLwst Aletl 1elescope时被发现rn的。Burrow8等人报告，这个射线源在X-射线rn波段的亮度自1990年以来已增大了超过1万rn倍，自2010年以来已增大了超过100倍。他们rn的结论是，我们正在观测来自一个超大黑洞的rn相对论喷射活动的开始。ZatJderer等人得出一rn个相似的结论，他们是根据自己对一个与这个rn光源相关的“射电瞬变”的观测结果以及在其rn演化的第一个月在厘米至毫米波长所进行的广rn泛监测得出结论的。他们估计该黑洞的质量约rn为100万个太阳质量。%Supermassive black holes have powerful gravitational fields with strong gradients that can destroy stars that get too dose1-2, producing a bright flare in ultraviolet and X-ray spectral regions from stellar debris that forms an accretion disk around the black hole3'7. The aftermath of this process may have been seen several times over the past two decades in the form of sparsely sampled, slowly fading emission from distant galaxies8'14, but the onset of the stellar disruption event has not hitherto been observed. Here we report observations of a bright X-ray flare from the extragalactic transient Swift J164449.3+573451. This source increased in brightness in the X-ray band by a factor of at least 10,000 since 1990 and by a factor of at least 100 since early 2010. We conclude that we have captured the onset of relativistic jet activity from a supermassive black hole. A companion paper15 comes to similar conclusions on the basis of radio observations. This event is probably due to the tidal disruption of a star falling into a supermassive black hole, but the detailed behaviour differs from current theoretical models of such events.

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2011年第7361期|p.421-424|共4页
  • 作者

    D. N. Burrows; J. A. Kennea; G. Ghisellini; V. Mangano; B. Zhang; et al;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA;

    Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA;

    INAF-OsservatorioAstronomicodiBrera, Via Bianchi46,23807 Merate, Italy;

    INAF-IstitutodiAstrofisicaSpazialeeFisicaCosmica, Via U. La Malta 153,1-90146 Palermo, Italy;

    epartment of Physicsand Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada89154, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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