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Two ten-billion-solar-mass black holes at the centres of giant elliptical galaxies

机译:在巨大的椭圆星系中心有两个一百亿个太阳质量的黑洞

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Observational work conducted over the past few decades indicates that all massive galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centres. Although the luminosities and brightness fluctuations of quasars in the early Universe suggest that some were powered by black holes with masses greater than 10 billion solar masses, the remnants of these objects have not been found in the nearby Universe. The giant elliptical galaxy Messier 87 hosts the hitherto most massive known black hole, which has a mass of 6.3 billion solar masses. Here we report that NGC 3842, the brightest galaxy in a cluster at a distance from Earth of 98 megaparsecs, has a central black hole with a mass of 9.7 billion solar masses, and that a black hole of comparable or greater mass is present in NGC 4889, the brightest galaxy in the Coma cluster (at a distance of 103 megaparsecs). These two black holes are significantly more massive than predicted by linearly extrapolating the widely used correlations between black-hole mass and the stellar velocity dispersion or bulge luminosity of the host galaxy. Although these correlations remain useful for predicting black-hole masses in less massive elliptical galaxies, our measurements suggest that different evolutionary processes influence the growth of the largest galaxies and their black holes.
机译:在过去的几十年中进行的观测工作表明,所有大质量星系的中心都有超大质量的黑洞。尽管早期宇宙中类星体的发光度和亮度波动表明,某些类星体是由质量超过100亿太阳质量的黑洞提供动力的,但在附近的宇宙中仍未发现这些物体的残留物。巨大的椭圆星系Messier 87拥有迄今已知的最重的黑洞,其质量为63亿太阳质量。我们在这里报告说,NGC 3842是距地球98兆帕秒距离的星团中最亮的星系,其中心黑洞的质量为97亿太阳质量,而NGC中存在质量相当或更大的黑洞4889年,彗星星系中最亮的星系(相距103兆帕)。这两个黑洞的质量比通过线性推断黑洞质量与宿主星系的恒星速度色散或凸起光度之间广泛使用的相关性所预测的要大得多。尽管这些相关性对于预测质量较小的椭圆形星系中的黑洞质量仍然有用,但我们的测量结果表明,不同的演化过程会影响最大星系及其黑洞的生长。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2011年第7376期|p.215-218|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA;

    National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, Arizona 85726, USA;

    Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA,Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada;

    Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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