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Genome sequence of the palaeopolyploid soybean

机译：古多倍体大豆的基因组序列

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摘要

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crop plants for seed protein and oil content, and for its capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbioses with soil-borne microorganisms. We sequenced the 1.1-gigabase genome by a whole-genome shotgun approach and integrated it with physical and high-density genetic maps to create a chromosome-scale draft sequence assembly. We predict 46,430 protein-coding genes, 70% more than Arabidopsis and similar to the poplar genome which, like soybean, is an ancient polyploid (palaeopolyploid). About 78% of the predicted genes occur in chromosome ends, which comprise less than one-half of the genome but account for nearly all of the genetic recombination. Genome duplications occurred at approximately 59 and 13 million years ago, resulting in a highly duplicated genome with nearly 75% of the genes present in multiple copies. The two duplication events were followed by gene diversification and loss, and numerous chromosome rearrangements. An accurate soybean genome sequence will facilitate the identification of the genetic basis of many soybean traits, and accelerate the creation of improved soybean varieties.
机译：大豆（Glycine max）是最重要的作物植物之一，其种子蛋白和油含量高，并且具有通过与土壤传播的微生物共生来固定大气中氮的能力。我们通过全基因组shot弹枪方法对1.1兆碱基的基因组进行了测序，并将其与物理和高密度遗传图谱整合在一起，以创建染色体规模的草图序列装配体。我们预测有46,430个蛋白质编码基因，比拟南芥多70％，并且与杨树基因组相似，后者与大豆一样，是一种古老的多倍体（古多倍体）。大约78％的预测基因出现在染色体末端，占染色体组的不到一半，但几乎占了所有基因重组的比例。基因组重复发生在大约59和1300万年前，导致高度重复的基因组，其中近75％的基因以多拷贝形式存在。这两个重复事件之后是基因多样化和丢失，以及许多染色体重排。准确的大豆基因组序列将有助于鉴定许多大豆性状的遗传基础，并加速创建改良大豆品种。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7278期|178-183|共6页
  • 作者

    Jeremy Schmutz; Steven B. Cannon; Jessica Schlueter; Jianxin Ma; Therese Mitros; William Nelson; et al;

  • 作者单位

    HudsonAlpha Genome Sequencing Center, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Wainut Creek, California 94598, USA;

    USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA;

    Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, 9201 University City Blvd, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, USA Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA;

    Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA;

    Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    Arizona Genomics Computational Laboratory, BIO5 institute, 1657 E. Helen Street, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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