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Microbial production of fatty-acid-derived fuels and chemicals from plant biomass

机译:从植物生物质中微生物生产脂肪酸衍生的燃料和化学品

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摘要

Increasing energy costs and environmental concerns have emphasized the need to produce sustainable renewable fuels and chemicals. Major efforts to this end are focused on the microbial production of high-energy fuels by cost-effective 'consolidated bioprocesses'. Fatty acids are composed of long alkyl chains and represent nature's 'petroleum', being a primary metabolite used by cells for both chemical and energy storage functions. These energy-rich molecules are today isolated from plant and animal oils for a diverse set of products ranging from fuels to oleochemi-cals. A more scalable, controllable and economic route to this important class of chemicals would be through the microbial con-version of renewable feedstocks, such as biomass-derived carbohydrates. Here we demonstrate the engineering of Escherichia coli to produce structurally tailored fatty esters (biodiesel), fatty alcohols, and waxes directly from simple sugars. Furthermore, we show engineering of the biodiesel-producing cells to express hemi-cellulases, a step towards producing these compounds directly from hemicellulose, a major component of plant-derived biomass.
机译:日益增加的能源成本和对环境的关注已经强调了生产可持续的可再生燃料和化学品的必要性。为此,主要的努力集中在通过具有成本效益的“合并生物过程”生产微生物来生产高能燃料。脂肪酸由长烷基链组成,代表自然界的“石油”,是细胞用于化学和能量存储功能的主要代谢产物。如今,这些富含能量的分子已从动植物油中分离出来,用于从燃料到油麻素醇的多种产品。解决这类重要化学品的一种更具可扩展性,可控制性和经济性的途径是通过可再生原料(例如源自生物质的碳水化合物)的微生物转化。在这里,我们演示了直接从简单糖中生产结构定制的脂肪酯(生物柴油),脂肪醇和蜡的大肠杆菌工程技术。此外,我们显示了工程化的生物柴油生产细胞来表达半纤维素酶,这是直接从半纤维素生产这些化合物的步骤,半纤维素是植物衍生的生物质的主要成分。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7280期|559-562|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608, USA Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608, USA Departmient of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608, USA QB3 Institute,University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608, USA QB3 Institute,University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

    LS9, Inc., 100 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA;

    LS9, Inc., 100 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA;

    LS9, Inc., 100 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA;

    LS9, Inc., 100 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA;

    Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608, USA Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California 94608, USA Departmient of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA QB3 Institute,University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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