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Mind the helical crack

机译：注意螺旋裂纹

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摘要

Catastrophic breakage of brittle materials such as ceramics is usually triggered by the rapid spreading of cracks. Computer simulations have now cracked the three-dimensional details of this process.rnEarthquakes, the damage to biological tissues caused by disease, and the wear of materials in aeroplanes share an underlying feature - all eventually reach a point at which the breakdown of material constituents leads to the failure of a functional system. In brittle materials such as ceramics, rocks and glass, a fundamental mechanism of failure is the spreading of cracks, a phenomenon also seen in the shearing of tectonic plates in earthquakes. Even though the phenomenon of fracture is seen throughout our world, the mechanisms by which cracks actually propagate remain largely unknown. On page 85 of this issue, Pons andrnKarma describe a computational study that reveals the origin of segmented fracture surfaces, which are found widely in fracture phenomena in engineering and geology.
机译：脆性材料（例如陶瓷）的灾难性破裂通常是由裂纹的迅速蔓延引起的。计算机模拟现已破解了该过程的三维细节。地震，疾病引起的对生物组织的损害以及飞机材料的磨损具有潜在的特征-所有这些最终都达到了导致材料成分分解的原因功能系统的故障。在诸如陶瓷，岩石和玻璃之类的脆性材料中，破坏的基本机理是裂纹的扩展，这种现象在地震中的构造板的剪切中也可以看到。即使在全世界都看到了断裂现象，但实际上裂纹扩展的机理仍然未知。在此问题的第85页上，Pons andrnKarma描述了一项计算研究，该研究揭示了分段断裂面的起源，该断裂面在工程和地质学中的断裂现象中广泛发现。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7285期|42-43|共2页
  • 作者

    Markus J. Buehler; Zhiping Xu;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and the Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;

    Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and the Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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