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Transmission of electrical signals by spin-wave interconversion in a magnetic insulator

机译：在磁绝缘体中通过自旋波互变传输电信号

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摘要

The energy bandgap of an insulator is large enough to prevent electron excitation and electrical conduction. But in addition to charge, an electron also has spin, and the collective motion of spin can propagate-and so transfer a signal-in some insulators. This motion is called a spin wave and is usually excited using magnetic fields. Here we show that a spin wave in an insulator can be generated and detected using spin-Hall effects, which enable the direct conversion of an electric signal into a spin wave, and its subsequent transmission through (and recovery from) an insulator over macroscopic distances. First, we show evidence for the transfer of spin angular momentum between an insulator magnet Y_3Fe_5O_(12) and a platinum film. This transfer allows direct conversion of an electric current in the platinum film to a spin wave in the Y_3Fe_5O_(12) via spin-Hall effects. Second, making use of the transfer in a Pt/Y_3Fe_5O_(12)/Pt system, we demonstrate that an electric current in one metal film induces voltage in the other, far distant, metal film. Specifically, the applied electric current is converted into spin angular momentum owing to the spin-Hall effect in the first platinum film; the angular momentum is then carried by a spin wave in the insulating Y_3Fe_5O_(12) layer; at the distant platinum film, the spin angular momentum of the spin wave is converted back to an electric voltage. This effect can be switched on and off using a magnetic field. Weak spin damping in Y_3Fe_5O_(12) is responsible for its transparency for the transmission of spin angular momentum. This hybrid electrical transmission method potentially offers a means of innovative signal delivery in electrical circuits and devices.
机译：绝缘子的能带隙足够大，可以防止电子激发和导电。但是除了电荷以外，电子还具有自旋，并且自旋的集体运动可以在某些绝缘体中传播，并因此传递信号。该运动称为自旋波，通常使用磁场来激发。在这里，我们表明可以使用自旋霍尔效应产生并检测绝缘子中的自旋波，该效应使电信号可以直接转换为自旋波，并随后在宏观距离上通过绝缘子（并从中恢复）传输。 。首先，我们证明了自旋角动量在绝缘体磁体Y_3Fe_5O_（12）与铂膜之间转移的证据。这种转移允许通过自旋霍尔效应将铂膜中的电流直接转换为Y_3Fe_5O_（12）中的自旋波。其次，利用Pt / Y_3Fe_5O_（12）/ Pt系统中的转移，我们证明了一个金属膜中的电流在另一个远距离的金属膜中感应出电压。具体地，由于第一铂膜中的自旋霍尔效应，所施加的电流被转换成自旋角动量。然后，角动量在绝缘Y_3Fe_5O_（12）层中由自旋波传递。在远处的铂膜上，自旋波的自旋角动量被转换回电压。可以使用磁场打开和关闭此效果。 Y_3Fe_5O_（12）中的弱自旋阻尼是其对自旋角动量传递的透明性的原因。这种混合电传输方法潜在地提供了一种在电路和设备中进行创新信号传输的方式。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7286期|262-266|共5页
  • 作者

    Y. Kajiwara; K. Harii; S. Takahashi; J. Ohe; K. Uchida; M. Mizuguchi; H. Umezawa; H. Kawai; K. Ando; K. Takanashi; S. Maekawa; E. Saitoh;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Sanbancho, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Sanbancho, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan;

    FDK Corporation, Shizuoka 431-0495, Japan;

    FDK Corporation, Shizuoka 431-0495, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Sanbancho, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan;

    Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Sanbancho, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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