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The magic nature of ~(132)Sn explored through the single-particle states of ~(133)Sn

机译:〜(132)Sn的魔术性质是通过〜(133)Sn的单粒子态探索的

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摘要

Atomic nuclei have a shell structure in which nuclei with 'magic numbers' of neutrons and protons are analogous to the noble gases in atomic physics. Only ten nuclei with the standard magic numbers of both neutrons and protons have so far been observed. The nuclear shell model is founded on the precept that neutrons and protons can move as independent particles in orbitals with discrete quantum numbers, subject to a mean field generated by all the other nucleons. Knowledge of the properties of single-particle states outside nuclear shell closures in exotic nuclei is important for a fundamental understanding of nuclear structure and nucleosynthesis (for example the r-process, which is responsible for the production of about half of the heavy elements). However, as a result of their short lifetimes, there is a paucity of knowledge about the nature of single-particle states outside exotic doubly magic nuclei. Here we measure the single-particle character of the levels in ~(132)Sn that lie outside the double shell closure present at the short-lived nucleus ~(132)Sn. We use an inverse kinematics technique that involves the transfer of a single nucleon to the nucleus. The purity of the measured single-particle states clearly illustrates the magic nature of ~(132)Sn.
机译:原子核具有壳结构,其中具有“魔术数”中子和质子的核类似于原子物理学中的稀有气体。到目前为止,仅观察到十个具有中子和质子标准魔幻数的原子核。核壳模型建立在以下前提之上:中子和质子可以作为独立粒子在具有离散量子数的轨道中运动,服从于所有其他核子产生的平均场。了解外来核中核壳封闭之外的单粒子态的性质对于基本了解核结构和核合成(例如,r过程可产生约一半的重元素)至关重要。但是,由于寿命短,对奇异双幻核之外的单粒子态的本质了解甚少。在这里,我们测量〜(132)Sn中位于短核〜(132)Sn处双壳闭合外部的单粒子特征。我们使用一种反向运动学技术,该技术涉及将单个核子转移到核子。测得的单粒子态的纯度清楚地说明了〜(132)Sn的魔力性质。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7297期|p.454-457|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA;

    Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;

    Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA;

    Physics Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA;

    Physics Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA;

    Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA;

    Department of Physics, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505, USA;

    Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;

    Physics Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA;

    Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;

    National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA;

    Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;

    Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;

    Department of Physics, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505, USA;

    Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA;

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;

    Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;

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