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Melting above the anhydrous solidus controls the location of volcanic arcs

机译：在无水固相线以上熔化可控制火山弧的位置

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摘要

Segregation of magma from the mantle in subduction zones is one of the principal mechanisms for chemical differentiation of the Earth. Fundamental aspects of this system, in particular the processes by which melt forms and travels to the Earth's surface, remain obscure. Systematics in the location of volcanic arcs, the surface expression of this melting, are widely considered to be a clue to processes taking place at depth, but many mutually incompatible interpretations of this clue exist (for example, see refs 1-6). We discriminate between those interpretations by the use of a simple scaling argument derived from a realistic mathematical model of heat transfer in subduction zones. The locations of the arcs cannot be explained by the release of fluids in reactions taking place near the top of the slab. Instead, the sharpness of the volcanic fronts, together with the systematics of their locations, requires that arcs must be located above the place where the boundary defined by the anhydrous solidus makes its closest approach to the trench. We show that heat carried by magma rising from this region is sufficient to modify the thermal structure of the wedge and determine the pathway through which both wet and dry melts reach the surface.
机译：岩浆在俯冲带中与地幔的分离是地球化学分化的主要机制之一。该系统的基本方面，尤其是融化物形成并传播到地球表面的过程，仍然晦涩难懂。火山弧位置的系统学，这种融化的表面表现被广泛认为是深度发生过程的线索，但是存在许多相互矛盾的解释（例如，参见参考文献1-6）。我们通过使用简单的比例论证来区分这些解释，这些论证是从俯冲带传热的现实数学模型得出的。弧形的位置不能通过在平板顶部附近发生的反应中的流体释放来解释。取而代之的是，火山锋线的锋利程度及其位置的系统性要求电弧必须位于由无水固相线定义的边界使其最接近沟槽的位置上方。我们表明，岩浆携带的热量从该区域上升，足以改变楔形体的热结构并确定湿熔体和干熔体通过其到达表面的途径。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7316期|P.700-703ⅲ|共5页
  • 作者

    Philip C. England; Richard F. Katz;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford, 0X1 3AN, UK;

    rnDepartment of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford, 0X1 3AN, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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