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A two-solar-mass neutron star measured using Shapiro delay

机译：利用Shapiro延迟测量的两太阳质量中子星

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摘要

Neutron stars are composed of the densest form of matter known to exist in our Universe, the composition and properties of which are still theoretically uncertain. Measurements of the masses or radii of these objects can strongly constrain the neutron star matter equation of state and rule out theoretical models of their composition. The observed range of neutron star masses, however, has hitherto been too narrow to rule out many predictions of 'exotic' non-nucleonic components. The Shapiro delay is a general-relat-ivistic increase in light travel time through the curved space-time near a massive body. For highly inclined (nearly edge-on) binary millisecond radio pulsar systems, this effect allows us to infer the masses of both the neutron star and its binary companion to high precision. Here we present radio timing observations of the binary millisecond pulsar J1614-2230 that show a strong Shapiro delay signature. We calculate the pulsar mass to be (1.97 ± 0.04)M_⊙, which rules out almost all currently proposed hyperon or boson condensate equations of state (M_⊙, solar mass). Quark matter can support a star this massive only if the quarks are strongly interacting and are therefore not 'free' quarks.
机译：中子星由已知存在于我们宇宙中的最稠密物质组成，其组成和性质在理论上仍不确定。这些物体的质量或半径的测量可以强烈地约束中子星物质的状态方程，并排除其组成的理论模型。然而，迄今为止观察到的中子星质量范围太窄，无法排除许多关于“外来”非核子成分的预测。 Shapiro延迟是通过相对大质量物体附近的弯曲时空的光传播时间的一般相对论性增加。对于高度倾斜的（几乎在边缘上）双星无线电脉冲星系统，这种效应使我们能够将中子星及其双星伴星的质量推算为高精度。在这里，我们介绍了二进制毫秒脉冲星J1614-2230的无线电定时观测，这些观测显示了很强的Shapiro延迟签名。我们计算出的脉冲星质量为（1.97±0.04）M_⊙，这排除了当前提出的几乎所有超子或玻色子凝聚态方程（M_⊙，太阳质量）。夸克物质只有在夸克强烈相互作用且因此不是“自由”夸克的情况下才能支撑如此巨大的恒星。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7319期|p.1081-1083|共3页
  • 作者

    P. B. Demorest; T. Pennucci; S. M. Ransom; M. S. E. Roberts; J. W. T. Hessels;

  • 作者单位

    National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22093, USA;

    rnAstronomy Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22094-4325, USA;

    rnNational Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22093, USA;

    rnEureka Scientific, Inc., Oakland, California 94602, USA;

    rnNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands,Astronomical Institute 'Anton Pannekoek', University of Amsterdam, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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