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Frequent Somatic Mutations Of Gnaq In Uveal Melanoma And Blue Naevi

机译:葡萄膜黑色素瘤和蓝色Naevi中Gnaq的频繁体细胞突变

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BRAF and NRAS are common targets for somatic mutations in benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from melanocytes situated in epithelial structures, and lead to constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. However, BRAF and NRAS mutations are absent in a number of other melanocytic neoplasms in which the equivalent oncogenic events are currently unknown. Here we report frequent somatic mutations in the heterotrimeric G protein a-subunit, GNAQ, in blue naevi (83%) and ocular melanoma of the uvea (46%). The mutations occur exclusively in codon 209 in the Ras-like domain and result in constitutive activation, turning GNAQ into a dominant acting oncogene. Our results demonstrate an alternative route to MAP kinase activation in melanocytic neoplasia, providing new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
机译:BRAF和NRAS是良性和恶性肿瘤中由位于上皮结构的黑素细胞引起的体细胞突变的常见靶标,并导致有丝分裂原活化蛋白(MAP)激酶途径的组成性激活。然而,BRAF和NRAS突变在许多其他黑素细胞性肿瘤中不存在,在这些肿瘤中,目前尚不知道等效的致癌事件。在这里,我们报告在蓝色naevi(83%)和葡萄膜眼黑素瘤(46%)中,异源三聚体G蛋白a亚基GNAQ频繁发生体细胞突变。突变仅在Ras样结构域的209位密码子中发生,并导致组成性激活,从而将GNAQ转变为占主导地位的致癌基因。我们的结果证明了黑素细胞瘤形成中MAP激酶激活的替代途径,为治疗干预提供了新的机会。

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