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A Hierarchical Model For Evolution Of 23s Ribosomal Rna

机译:23s核糖体RNA进化的层次模型。

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The emergence of the ribosome constituted a pivotal step in the evolution of life. This event happened nearly four billion years ago, and any traces of early stages of ribosome evolution are generally thought to have completely eroded away. Surprisingly, a detailed analysis of the structure of the modern ribosome reveals a concerted and modular scheme of its early evolution.rnThe ribosome is an RNA-protein complex performing protein synthesis in all living cells. It is generally accepted that the ribosome originated from the so-called 'RNA world' when proteins did not exist and the primordial chemical reactions of life were catalysed by RNA. Although the contemporary ribosome contains several dozen proteins, the two major functions of the ribosome-the selection of the proper amino acid and the transpeptidation-are performed by RNA, whereas proteins have only an auxiliary role. Structurally, RNA forms the core of the ribosome, whereas proteins are mostly located at the periphery. Hence, the problem of the origin of the ribosome concerns the origin of ribosomal RNA. Because in all living organisms the core of the ribosome has a very similar structure, it must have formed before the split of the tree of life into three phylogenetic domains. Consequently, the comparison of the available nucleotide sequences of rRNA is not sufficient for the deduction of how the ribosome emerged. However, the ribosome tertiary structure could provide key clues about the details of this process.
机译:核糖体的出现是生命进化的关键步骤。此事件发生在大约40亿年前,通常认为核糖体进化的任何早期痕迹都已完全消失。出人意料的是,对现代核糖体结构的详细分析揭示了其早期进化的协调一致的模块化方案。核糖体是一种RNA-蛋白质复合物,可在所有活细胞中进行蛋白质合成。人们普遍认为,核糖体起源于所谓的“ RNA世界”,当时的蛋白质不存在,而生命的原始化学反应是由RNA催化的。尽管现代核糖体包含数十种蛋白质,但核糖体的两个主要功能(正确氨基酸的选择和转肽作用)是通过RNA进行的,而蛋白质仅起到辅助作用。在结构上,RNA形成核糖体的核心,而蛋白质大部分位于外围。因此,核糖体起源的问题与核糖体RNA的起源有关。因为在所有活生物体中,核糖体的核心都具有非常相似的结构,所以它必须在将生命树分为三个系统发育域之前形成。因此,rRNA可用核苷酸序列的比较不足以推断核糖体如何出现。但是,核糖体的三级结构可以提供有关此过程细节的关键线索。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2009年第7232期|977-9801047|共5页
  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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